This paper examines the importance of place for the cultural and environmental dynamics shaping Fairtrade cooperatives. It draws on a case study of the Eksteenskuil Agricultural Cooperative (EAC) in South Africa's Northern Cape, which supplies Fairtrade raisins to Traidcraft plc, one of the UK's leading Fairtrade organizations. It examines how the histories and geographies of place continually challenge and redefine the meaning and effectiveness of Fairtrade. It concludes with a number of recommendations for both Fairtrade organizations in general and EAC/Traidcraft specifically.

Ashton, G. (2011) ‘Co-operatives for Development’ [website], South African Civil Society Information Service <http://sacsis.org.za/site/article/608.1≯ [accessed 24 July 2013]. http://sacsis.org.za/site/article/608.1

Burke, B. (2010) ‘Cooperatives for “fair globalization”? Indigenous people, cooperatives, and corporate social responsibility’, Latin American Perspectives 37: 30-52 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582X10382098≯.

Dolan, C. (2010a) ‘Virtual moralities: the mainstreaming of Fairtrade in Kenya tea fields’, Geoforum 41: 33-43 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2009.01.002≯.

Dolan, C. (2010b) ‘Fractured ties: the business of development in Kenyan fair trade tea’, in S. Lyon and M. Moberg (eds.), Fair Trade and Social Justice: Global Ethnographies, pp. 147-75, New York: New York University Press.

Getz, C. and Shreck, A. (2006) ‘What organic and Fair Trade labels do not tell us: towards a place-based understanding of certification’, International Journal of Consumer Studies 30: 490-501 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2006.00533.x≯.

Hughes, A., McEwan, C., Bek, D. and Rosenberg, Z. (forthcoming) ‘Embedding Fairtrade in South Africa: global production networks, national initiatives and localized challenges in the Northern Cape’, Competition and Change.

Knoesen, D., Schulze, R., Pringle, C., Summerton, M., Dickens, C. and Kunz, R. (2009) Water for the Future: Impacts of Climate Change for Water Resources on the Orange-Senqu River Basin, Report to NeWater, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa: Institute of Natural Resources.

Kruger, S. and du Toit, A. (2007) ‘Reconstructing fairness: fair trade conventions and worker empowerment in South African horticulture’, in L. Raynolds, D. Murray and J. Wilkinson (eds.), Fair Trade: The Challenges of Transforming Globalization, pp. 200-19, London: Routledge.

Lyon, S. (2006) ‘Evaluating fair trade consumption: politics, defetishization and producer participation’, International Journal of Consumer Studies 30: 452-64 <http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1470-6431.2006.00530.x≯.

Robins, S. (2001) ‘NGOs, “Bushmen” and double vision: the ?Khomani San land claim and the cultural politics of “community” and “development” in the Kalahari’, Journal of Southern African Studies 27: 833-53 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070120090763≯.

SKA (Sandra Kruger & Associates) (2010) Eksteenskuil Agricultural Cooperative Land Use and Socio- Economic Survey, Report compiled for SKA/Traidcraft, January 2010, Pniel, South Africa: SKA.

SLC (Sustainable Livelihood Consultants) (2010) Impact Assessment of Fairtrade in South Africa: Case Study Report, Eksteenskuil Agricultural Cooperative, 11 June 2010, Keimoes, South Africa: EAC.

Ashton, G. (2011) ‘Co-operatives for Development’ [website], South African Civil Society Information Service <http://sacsis.org.za/site/article/608.1≯ [accessed 24 July 2013]. http://sacsis.org.za/site/article/608.1

Burke, B. (2010) ‘Cooperatives for “fair globalization”? Indigenous people, cooperatives, and corporate social responsibility’, Latin American Perspectives 37: 30-52 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582X10382098≯.

Dolan, C. (2010a) ‘Virtual moralities: the mainstreaming of Fairtrade in Kenya tea fields’, Geoforum 41: 33-43 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2009.01.002≯.

Dolan, C. (2010b) ‘Fractured ties: the business of development in Kenyan fair trade tea’, in S. Lyon and M. Moberg (eds.), Fair Trade and Social Justice: Global Ethnographies, pp. 147-75, New York: New York University Press.

Getz, C. and Shreck, A. (2006) ‘What organic and Fair Trade labels do not tell us: towards a place-based understanding of certification’, International Journal of Consumer Studies 30: 490-501 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2006.00533.x≯.

Hughes, A., McEwan, C., Bek, D. and Rosenberg, Z. (forthcoming) ‘Embedding Fairtrade in South Africa: global production networks, national initiatives and localized challenges in the Northern Cape’, Competition and Change.

Knoesen, D., Schulze, R., Pringle, C., Summerton, M., Dickens, C. and Kunz, R. (2009) Water for the Future: Impacts of Climate Change for Water Resources on the Orange-Senqu River Basin, Report to NeWater, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa: Institute of Natural Resources.

Kruger, S. and du Toit, A. (2007) ‘Reconstructing fairness: fair trade conventions and worker empowerment in South African horticulture’, in L. Raynolds, D. Murray and J. Wilkinson (eds.), Fair Trade: The Challenges of Transforming Globalization, pp. 200-19, London: Routledge.

Lyon, S. (2006) ‘Evaluating fair trade consumption: politics, defetishization and producer participation’, International Journal of Consumer Studies 30: 452-64 <http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1470-6431.2006.00530.x≯.

Robins, S. (2001) ‘NGOs, “Bushmen” and double vision: the ?Khomani San land claim and the cultural politics of “community” and “development” in the Kalahari’, Journal of Southern African Studies 27: 833-53 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070120090763≯.

SKA (Sandra Kruger & Associates) (2010) Eksteenskuil Agricultural Cooperative Land Use and Socio- Economic Survey, Report compiled for SKA/Traidcraft, January 2010, Pniel, South Africa: SKA.

SLC (Sustainable Livelihood Consultants) (2010) Impact Assessment of Fairtrade in South Africa: Case Study Report, Eksteenskuil Agricultural Cooperative, 11 June 2010, Keimoes, South Africa: EAC.

Ashton, G. (2011) ‘Co-operatives for Development’ [website], South African Civil Society Information Service <http://sacsis.org.za/site/article/608.1≯ [accessed 24 July 2013]. http://sacsis.org.za/site/article/608.1

Burke, B. (2010) ‘Cooperatives for “fair globalization”? Indigenous people, cooperatives, and corporate social responsibility’, Latin American Perspectives 37: 30-52 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582X10382098≯.

Dolan, C. (2010a) ‘Virtual moralities: the mainstreaming of Fairtrade in Kenya tea fields’, Geoforum 41: 33-43 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2009.01.002≯.

Dolan, C. (2010b) ‘Fractured ties: the business of development in Kenyan fair trade tea’, in S. Lyon and M. Moberg (eds.), Fair Trade and Social Justice: Global Ethnographies, pp. 147-75, New York: New York University Press.

Getz, C. and Shreck, A. (2006) ‘What organic and Fair Trade labels do not tell us: towards a place-based understanding of certification’, International Journal of Consumer Studies 30: 490-501 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2006.00533.x≯.

Hughes, A., McEwan, C., Bek, D. and Rosenberg, Z. (forthcoming) ‘Embedding Fairtrade in South Africa: global production networks, national initiatives and localized challenges in the Northern Cape’, Competition and Change.

Knoesen, D., Schulze, R., Pringle, C., Summerton, M., Dickens, C. and Kunz, R. (2009) Water for the Future: Impacts of Climate Change for Water Resources on the Orange-Senqu River Basin, Report to NeWater, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa: Institute of Natural Resources.

Kruger, S. and du Toit, A. (2007) ‘Reconstructing fairness: fair trade conventions and worker empowerment in South African horticulture’, in L. Raynolds, D. Murray and J. Wilkinson (eds.), Fair Trade: The Challenges of Transforming Globalization, pp. 200-19, London: Routledge.

Lyon, S. (2006) ‘Evaluating fair trade consumption: politics, defetishization and producer participation’, International Journal of Consumer Studies 30: 452-64 <http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1470-6431.2006.00530.x≯.

Robins, S. (2001) ‘NGOs, “Bushmen” and double vision: the ?Khomani San land claim and the cultural politics of “community” and “development” in the Kalahari’, Journal of Southern African Studies 27: 833-53 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070120090763≯.

SKA (Sandra Kruger & Associates) (2010) Eksteenskuil Agricultural Cooperative Land Use and Socio- Economic Survey, Report compiled for SKA/Traidcraft, January 2010, Pniel, South Africa: SKA.

SLC (Sustainable Livelihood Consultants) (2010) Impact Assessment of Fairtrade in South Africa: Case Study Report, Eksteenskuil Agricultural Cooperative, 11 June 2010, Keimoes, South Africa: EAC.

Ashton, G. (2011) ‘Co-operatives for Development’ [website], South African Civil Society Information Service <http://sacsis.org.za/site/article/608.1≯ [accessed 24 July 2013]. http://sacsis.org.za/site/article/608.1

Burke, B. (2010) ‘Cooperatives for “fair globalization”? Indigenous people, cooperatives, and corporate social responsibility’, Latin American Perspectives 37: 30-52 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582X10382098≯.

Dolan, C. (2010a) ‘Virtual moralities: the mainstreaming of Fairtrade in Kenya tea fields’, Geoforum 41: 33-43 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2009.01.002≯.

Dolan, C. (2010b) ‘Fractured ties: the business of development in Kenyan fair trade tea’, in S. Lyon and M. Moberg (eds.), Fair Trade and Social Justice: Global Ethnographies, pp. 147-75, New York: New York University Press.

Getz, C. and Shreck, A. (2006) ‘What organic and Fair Trade labels do not tell us: towards a place-based understanding of certification’, International Journal of Consumer Studies 30: 490-501 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2006.00533.x≯.

Hughes, A., McEwan, C., Bek, D. and Rosenberg, Z. (forthcoming) ‘Embedding Fairtrade in South Africa: global production networks, national initiatives and localized challenges in the Northern Cape’, Competition and Change.

Knoesen, D., Schulze, R., Pringle, C., Summerton, M., Dickens, C. and Kunz, R. (2009) Water for the Future: Impacts of Climate Change for Water Resources on the Orange-Senqu River Basin, Report to NeWater, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa: Institute of Natural Resources.

Kruger, S. and du Toit, A. (2007) ‘Reconstructing fairness: fair trade conventions and worker empowerment in South African horticulture’, in L. Raynolds, D. Murray and J. Wilkinson (eds.), Fair Trade: The Challenges of Transforming Globalization, pp. 200-19, London: Routledge.

Lyon, S. (2006) ‘Evaluating fair trade consumption: politics, defetishization and producer participation’, International Journal of Consumer Studies 30: 452-64 <http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1470-6431.2006.00530.x≯.

Robins, S. (2001) ‘NGOs, “Bushmen” and double vision: the ?Khomani San land claim and the cultural politics of “community” and “development” in the Kalahari’, Journal of Southern African Studies 27: 833-53 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070120090763≯.

SKA (Sandra Kruger & Associates) (2010) Eksteenskuil Agricultural Cooperative Land Use and Socio- Economic Survey, Report compiled for SKA/Traidcraft, January 2010, Pniel, South Africa: SKA.

SLC (Sustainable Livelihood Consultants) (2010) Impact Assessment of Fairtrade in South Africa: Case Study Report, Eksteenskuil Agricultural Cooperative, 11 June 2010, Keimoes, South Africa: EAC.