Mainstreaming menstrual hygiene management in schools through the play-based approach: lessons learned from Ghana
The study objective was to identify and document the effectiveness of the play-based approach in promoting menstrual hygiene management (MHM) in schools and share lessons learned. The study used a mix of study approaches including qualitative and quantitative techniques. The writer carried out an exploratory evaluation on the promotion of MHM activities as part of WASH in Schools programmes in 120 public schools in Ghana. Comparison was drawn between 60 schools currently using the play-based approach in promoting MHM, and 60 other schools which are not using the play-based approach. Data were gathered through interview, focus group discussions, observation, and from field level reports over a six month period. The study showed that there is much potential in play-based approaches, which could accelerate and sustain the implementation of MHM in schools. More teachers and school children participate in and demonstrated considerable knowledge and were confident discussing MHM. The play-based activities also served as point of attraction for the primary school children. The study indicated positive attitudes in boys towards menstruating girls and improved personal hygiene among adolescent girls.Children's Play Council (1998) The New Charter for Children's Play, London: NCB/Children's Society.
Crofts, T. and Fisher, J. (2012) ‘Menstrual hygiene in Ugandan schools: and investigation of low-cost sanitary pads’, Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 2(1): 50-8 <http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2012.067≯
Dasgupta, A. and Sarkar, M. (2008) ‘Menstrual hygiene: how hygienic is the adolescent girl?’ Indian Journal of Community Medicine 33: 77-80 <http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.40872≯.
Greene, L. (2009) ‘SWASH+ application of lessons learned to current and future practice’, SWASH+ Programmatic Management Group Meeting 2009, Tom Mboya Labour College, Kisumu, Kenya.
Montgomery P, Ryus CR, Dolan CS, Dopson S, Scott LM (2012) Sanitary Pad Interventions for Girls’ Education in Ghana: A Pilot Study. PLoS ONE 7(10): e48274. <http://doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048274≯. http://doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048274
Mooijman, A., Snel, M., Ganguly, S. and Shordt, K. (2010) Strengthening Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Schools: A WASH Guidance Manual with a Focus on South Asia, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre.
Department of Education for Northern Ireland (1996) Northern Ireland Curriculum. Key Stages 1 and 2. Programmes of Study and Attainment Targets, Belfast, HMSO.
Right To Play (2011) Health, Hygiene Education Through Play and Sport (HHETPS) Games Manual: Right To Play, supported by The Northern Regional Small Towns Water Supply Project (NORST) and The Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA).
The Netherlands Development Organization/IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre (2013): Study on menstrual management in Uganda. <http://www.snvworld.org/download/publications/menstrual_management_report_30.08.2013.pdf≯. http://www.snvworld.org/download/publications/menstrual_management_report_30.08.2013.pdf
UNICEF Ghana and Right to Play (2014), MHM - Manual for Trainers and Leaders, UNICEF Ghana and Right to Play.
Children's Play Council (1998) The New Charter for Children's Play, London: NCB/Children's Society.
Crofts, T. and Fisher, J. (2012) ‘Menstrual hygiene in Ugandan schools: and investigation of low-cost sanitary pads’, Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 2(1): 50-8 <http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2012.067≯
Dasgupta, A. and Sarkar, M. (2008) ‘Menstrual hygiene: how hygienic is the adolescent girl?’ Indian Journal of Community Medicine 33: 77-80 <http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.40872≯.
Greene, L. (2009) ‘SWASH+ application of lessons learned to current and future practice’, SWASH+ Programmatic Management Group Meeting 2009, Tom Mboya Labour College, Kisumu, Kenya.
Montgomery P, Ryus CR, Dolan CS, Dopson S, Scott LM (2012) Sanitary Pad Interventions for Girls’ Education in Ghana: A Pilot Study. PLoS ONE 7(10): e48274. <http://doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048274≯. http://doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048274
Mooijman, A., Snel, M., Ganguly, S. and Shordt, K. (2010) Strengthening Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Schools: A WASH Guidance Manual with a Focus on South Asia, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre.
Department of Education for Northern Ireland (1996) Northern Ireland Curriculum. Key Stages 1 and 2. Programmes of Study and Attainment Targets, Belfast, HMSO.
Right To Play (2011) Health, Hygiene Education Through Play and Sport (HHETPS) Games Manual: Right To Play, supported by The Northern Regional Small Towns Water Supply Project (NORST) and The Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA).
The Netherlands Development Organization/IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre (2013): Study on menstrual management in Uganda. <http://www.snvworld.org/download/publications/menstrual_management_report_30.08.2013.pdf≯. http://www.snvworld.org/download/publications/menstrual_management_report_30.08.2013.pdf
UNICEF Ghana and Right to Play (2014), MHM - Manual for Trainers and Leaders, UNICEF Ghana and Right to Play.
Children's Play Council (1998) The New Charter for Children's Play, London: NCB/Children's Society.
Crofts, T. and Fisher, J. (2012) ‘Menstrual hygiene in Ugandan schools: and investigation of low-cost sanitary pads’, Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 2(1): 50-8 <http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2012.067≯
Dasgupta, A. and Sarkar, M. (2008) ‘Menstrual hygiene: how hygienic is the adolescent girl?’ Indian Journal of Community Medicine 33: 77-80 <http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.40872≯.
Greene, L. (2009) ‘SWASH+ application of lessons learned to current and future practice’, SWASH+ Programmatic Management Group Meeting 2009, Tom Mboya Labour College, Kisumu, Kenya.
Montgomery P, Ryus CR, Dolan CS, Dopson S, Scott LM (2012) Sanitary Pad Interventions for Girls’ Education in Ghana: A Pilot Study. PLoS ONE 7(10): e48274. <http://doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048274≯. http://doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048274
Mooijman, A., Snel, M., Ganguly, S. and Shordt, K. (2010) Strengthening Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Schools: A WASH Guidance Manual with a Focus on South Asia, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre.
Department of Education for Northern Ireland (1996) Northern Ireland Curriculum. Key Stages 1 and 2. Programmes of Study and Attainment Targets, Belfast, HMSO.
Right To Play (2011) Health, Hygiene Education Through Play and Sport (HHETPS) Games Manual: Right To Play, supported by The Northern Regional Small Towns Water Supply Project (NORST) and The Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA).
The Netherlands Development Organization/IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre (2013): Study on menstrual management in Uganda. <http://www.snvworld.org/download/publications/menstrual_management_report_30.08.2013.pdf≯. http://www.snvworld.org/download/publications/menstrual_management_report_30.08.2013.pdf
UNICEF Ghana and Right to Play (2014), MHM - Manual for Trainers and Leaders, UNICEF Ghana and Right to Play.
Children's Play Council (1998) The New Charter for Children's Play, London: NCB/Children's Society.
Crofts, T. and Fisher, J. (2012) ‘Menstrual hygiene in Ugandan schools: and investigation of low-cost sanitary pads’, Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 2(1): 50-8 <http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2012.067≯
Dasgupta, A. and Sarkar, M. (2008) ‘Menstrual hygiene: how hygienic is the adolescent girl?’ Indian Journal of Community Medicine 33: 77-80 <http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.40872≯.
Greene, L. (2009) ‘SWASH+ application of lessons learned to current and future practice’, SWASH+ Programmatic Management Group Meeting 2009, Tom Mboya Labour College, Kisumu, Kenya.
Montgomery P, Ryus CR, Dolan CS, Dopson S, Scott LM (2012) Sanitary Pad Interventions for Girls’ Education in Ghana: A Pilot Study. PLoS ONE 7(10): e48274. <http://doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048274≯. http://doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048274
Mooijman, A., Snel, M., Ganguly, S. and Shordt, K. (2010) Strengthening Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Schools: A WASH Guidance Manual with a Focus on South Asia, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre.
Department of Education for Northern Ireland (1996) Northern Ireland Curriculum. Key Stages 1 and 2. Programmes of Study and Attainment Targets, Belfast, HMSO.
Right To Play (2011) Health, Hygiene Education Through Play and Sport (HHETPS) Games Manual: Right To Play, supported by The Northern Regional Small Towns Water Supply Project (NORST) and The Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA).
The Netherlands Development Organization/IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre (2013): Study on menstrual management in Uganda. <http://www.snvworld.org/download/publications/menstrual_management_report_30.08.2013.pdf≯. http://www.snvworld.org/download/publications/menstrual_management_report_30.08.2013.pdf
UNICEF Ghana and Right to Play (2014), MHM - Manual for Trainers and Leaders, UNICEF Ghana and Right to Play.
Enhancing the Menstrual Experience of Menstruating Adolescents in Mashonaland Central, Zimbabwe: A Qualitative Study
Witte, Jente
Glocality, Vol. 4 (2021), Iss. 1 P.2
https://doi.org/10.5334/glo.33 [Citations: 0]Teachers’ perspective on implementation of menstrual hygiene management and puberty education in a pilot study in Bangladeshi schools
Mahfuz, Mehjabin Tishan
Sultana, Farhana
Hunter, Erin C.
Jahan, Farjana
Akand, Farhana
Khan, Shifat
Mobashhara, Mosammat
Rahman, Mahbubur
Alam, Mahbub-Ul
Unicomb, Leanne
Luby, Stephen P.
Winch, Peter J.
Global Health Action, Vol. 14 (2021), Iss. 1
https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2021.1955492 [Citations: 5]Mapping the knowledge and understanding of menarche, menstrual hygiene and menstrual health among adolescent girls in low- and middle-income countries
Chandra-Mouli, Venkatraman
Patel, Sheila Vipul
Reproductive Health, Vol. 14 (2017), Iss. 1
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-017-0293-6 [Citations: 177]Menstrual health and hygiene knowledge among post menarche adolescent school girls in urban and rural Tanzania
Njee, Robert M.
Imeda, Calister P.
Ali, Said M.
Mushi, Adiel K.
Mbata, Doris D.
Kapala, Albert W.
Makundi, Emmanuel A.
Nyigo, Vitus A.
Majura, Albert M.
Akyoo, Winfrida O.
Mbatia, Yolanda J.
Baraka, Germana T.
Msovela, Judith M.
Ngadaya, Ester S.
Senkoro, Mbazi F.
Malebo, Hamisi M.
Pracheth, Raghuveer
PLOS ONE, Vol. 19 (2024), Iss. 3 P.e0284072
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284072 [Citations: 1]Navigating fear, shyness, and discomfort during menstruation in Cambodia
Daniels, Gabrielle
MacLeod, Marin
Cantwell, Raymond E.
Keene, Danya
Humprhies, Debbie
Boeckmann, Melanie
PLOS Global Public Health, Vol. 2 (2022), Iss. 6 P.e0000405
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000405 [Citations: 1]‘We do not know’: a qualitative study exploring boys perceptions of menstruation in India
Mason, Linda
Sivakami, Muthusamy
Thakur, Harshad
Kakade, Narendra
Beauman, Ashley
Alexander, Kelly T.
van Eijke, Anna Maria
Laserson, Kayla F.
Thakkar, Mamita B.
Phillips-Howard, Penelope A.
Reproductive Health, Vol. 14 (2017), Iss. 1
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-017-0435-x [Citations: 36]Beyond access to adequate WASH facilities: Menstrual hygiene practices of high school adolescent girls
Usman Adam, Muwaffaq
Kpeebi, Yetimoni
Usman Adam, Bahija
Adams, Aisha
Sahabi, Sakina
Journal of Adolescence, Vol. 95 (2023), Iss. 3 P.617
https://doi.org/10.1002/jad.12136 [Citations: 2]The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies
Mapping the Knowledge and Understanding of Menarche, Menstrual Hygiene and Menstrual Health Among Adolescent Girls in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Chandra-Mouli, Venkatraman
Patel, Sheila Vipul
2020
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_46 [Citations: 26]- A call to action: organizational, professional, and personal change for gender transformative WASH programming
- Providing municipal faecal sludge management services: lessons from Bangladesh
- Menstrual hygiene management: education and empowerment for girls?
- Webwatch
- Transgender-inclusive sanitation: insights from South Asia