Stone
An introduction
This useful general survey describes the varieties and uses of stone as a building material - whether cut or field-stone - and how to extract, work and use it. A new chapter on stone and the environment emphasizes the importance of planning, waste recycling and quarry rehabilitation as part of the extraction process. There is a new appendix outlining procedures for testing stone's flexural and compressive strength and discussing the importance of slip resistance.
Published: 1996
Pages: 184
eBook: 9781780446042
Paperback: 9781853393136
| Foreword to second edition ix | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Foreword to first edition x | |||
| 1. Nature's own building material 1 | |||
| Early use 1 | |||
| Advantages of stone 4 | |||
| The future of stone 7 | |||
| 2. Stone materials 10 | |||
| Terminology 10 | |||
| Rock types 12 | |||
| Sedimentary rocks 13 | |||
| Seasoning 14 | |||
| Weathering 15 | |||
| Insulation 16 | |||
| Porosity 16 | |||
| Florescence 17 | |||
| Strength 18 | |||
| Weight 20 | |||
| Hardness 20 | |||
| 3. Stone sources 23 | |||
| Locating stone 23 | |||
| Types of deposit 24 | |||
| Boulder resources 26 | |||
| Sorting shapes 28 | |||
| Identification of deposit 29 | |||
| Further exploration 29 | |||
| Surface features of stone deposits 32 | |||
| 4. Stone extraction 41 | |||
| Quarry planning and development 41 | |||
| Location 42 | |||
| Opening up quarries 43 | |||
| National planning and inventory 43 | |||
| Preparation and extraction 46 | |||
| Slabby layers 49 | |||
| Extraction devices 50 | |||
| Raising blocks from the quarry floor 54 | |||
| Transport 55 | |||
| 5. Stone and the environment 59 | |||
| The effects of quarrying on the environment 60 | |||
| Case study: Olival quarry 64 | |||
| Case study: Estremoz quarry 65 | |||
| Case study: Ontario 65 | |||
| Effects of the environment on stone 68 | |||
| 6. Tools for stoneworking 73 | |||
| Terminology 73 | |||
| Tools and techniques 73 | |||
| Splitting devices 75 | |||
| Sizing sedimentary stones 77 | |||
| Splitting 78 | |||
| Hammers 79 | |||
| Chisels 82 | |||
| Drills 84 | |||
| Saws 85 | |||
| Bars 85 | |||
| Stone-breaking 90 | |||
| Hand-cutting a plane surface 90 | |||
| 7. Architectural uses 95 | |||
| Types of building stone 95 | |||
| Types of dressing 96 | |||
| Masonry practices 98 | |||
| Field-stone construction 101 | |||
| Building a wall 104 | |||
| Construction of dwellings 109 | |||
| Foundations 109 | |||
| Walls 113 | |||
| Stone as a roof covering 116 | |||
| Arches 119 | |||
| Floors 121 | |||
| 8. Industrial production 125 | |||
| Quarrying practices 127 | |||
| Drilling methods 127 | |||
| Wire-sawing 128 | |||
| Extraction by chain-saw 129 | |||
| Flame-jet cutting 130 | |||
| Water-jet cutting 131 | |||
| Processing 131 | |||
| Primary cutting 132 | |||
| Secondary sawing 136 | |||
| Surface processes 137 | |||
| Gritting 138 | |||
| Finishes 139 | |||
| Polishing 140 | |||
| Fixing 142 | |||
| Automation 143 | |||
| Waxing and packing 145 | |||
| 9. Stone development 150 | |||
| Comparative costs 150 | |||
| Planning 151 | |||
| Investing in equipment 152 | |||
| Commercial factors 153 | |||
| Pricing 154 | |||
| Transport 154 | |||
| Promotion 155 | |||
| Statistics for the future 158 | |||
| Foundations of success 159 | |||
| Appendix: Stone testing 162 | |||
| Current situation 162 | |||
| Testing procedures 162 | |||
| Safety factor 164 | |||
| Durability 164 | |||
| Surface finish 165 | |||
| Bibliography 167 | |||
| Glossary 168 |
Asher Shadmon
Professor Asher Shadmon is an Israeli engineering geologist who served as the first President of the International Association for Engineering Geology (IAEG)
Stone in Architecture
Building Stones
Siegesmund, Siegfried
Török, Ákos
2014
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45155-3_2 [Citations: 10]Glossaire technique trilingue de la pierre
Bibliographie Carrière
Abdul Massih, Jeanine
Bessac, Jean-Claude
2009
https://doi.org/10.4000/books.ifpo.13095 [Citations: 0]Stone in Architecture
Building Stones
Siegesmund, Siegfried
Török, Ákos
2011
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14475-2_2 [Citations: 19]Causes of scaling on bush-hammered heritage ashlars: a case study—Plaza Mayor of Madrid (Spain)
Freire-Lista, D. M.
Fort, R.
Environmental Earth Sciences, Vol. 75 (2016), Iss. 10
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-5688-0 [Citations: 14]Nomination of Zarzalejo Granite, a Spanish Heritage Building Stone, as a “Global Heritage Stone Resource”
Freire-Lista, D.M.
Fort, R.
Varas-Muriel, M.J.
Energy Procedia, Vol. 76 (2015), Iss. P.642
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.886 [Citations: 4]Dimension stone—Its impact on environment and constructional applications—The role of engineering geology
Shadmon, Asher
Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology, Vol. 48 (1993), Iss. 1 P.119
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02594984 [Citations: 5]Aesthetic Quality Properties of Carbonate Breccias Associated with Textural and Compositional Factors: Marrón Emperador Ornamental Stone (Upper Cretaceous, Southeast Spain)
Muñoz-Cervera, Maria Concepción
Rodriguez-Garcia, Miguel Ángel
Cañaveras, Juan Carlos
Applied Sciences, Vol. 12 (2022), Iss. 5 P.2566
https://doi.org/10.3390/app12052566 [Citations: 3]Electronic database of historical natural stones of the Czech Republic: structuring field and laboratory data
Kampfová, Hana
Přikryl, Richard
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, Vol. 333 (2010), Iss. 1 P.211
https://doi.org/10.1144/SP333.20 [Citations: 1]Understanding the Earth scientist's role in the pre-restoration research of monuments: an overview
Přikryl, R.
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, Vol. 271 (2007), Iss. 1 P.9
https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2007.271.01.02 [Citations: 15]Prediction of uniaxial compressive strength of the Kızılkaya ignimbrite with variable properties using MRA and ANN, Cappadocia (Turkey)
Deniz, Burcu Ertas
Topal, Tamer
Discover Environment, Vol. 1 (2023), Iss. 1
https://doi.org/10.1007/s44274-023-00013-1 [Citations: 0]Materials & Skills for Historic Building Conservation
Stone: Sandstone
Williams, Ian
2008
https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470697696.ch2b [Citations: 0]Natural stones for monuments: their availability for restoration and evaluation
Přikryl, Richard
Török, Ákos
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, Vol. 333 (2010), Iss. 1 P.1
https://doi.org/10.1144/SP333.1 [Citations: 14]Durability assessment of natural stone
Přikryl, Richard
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, Vol. 46 (2013), Iss. 4 P.377
https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2012-052 [Citations: 49]Modern Stone Cladding, Design and Installation of Exterior Dimension Stone Systems
Bibliography
1995
https://doi.org/10.1520/MNL10649M [Citations: 0]Construction Materials
Dimension Stone
Bustillo Revuelta, Manuel
2021
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65207-4_3 [Citations: 1]You might also like:
