Stone
An introduction
This useful general survey describes the varieties and uses of stone as a building material - whether cut or field-stone - and how to extract, work and use it. A new chapter on stone and the environment emphasizes the importance of planning, waste recycling and quarry rehabilitation as part of the extraction process. There is a new appendix outlining procedures for testing stone's flexural and compressive strength and discussing the importance of slip resistance.
Published: 1996
Pages: 184
eBook: 9781780446042
Paperback: 9781853393136
| Foreword to second edition ix | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Foreword to first edition x | |||
| 1. Nature's own building material 1 | |||
| Early use 1 | |||
| Advantages of stone 4 | |||
| The future of stone 7 | |||
| 2. Stone materials 10 | |||
| Terminology 10 | |||
| Rock types 12 | |||
| Sedimentary rocks 13 | |||
| Seasoning 14 | |||
| Weathering 15 | |||
| Insulation 16 | |||
| Porosity 16 | |||
| Florescence 17 | |||
| Strength 18 | |||
| Weight 20 | |||
| Hardness 20 | |||
| 3. Stone sources 23 | |||
| Locating stone 23 | |||
| Types of deposit 24 | |||
| Boulder resources 26 | |||
| Sorting shapes 28 | |||
| Identification of deposit 29 | |||
| Further exploration 29 | |||
| Surface features of stone deposits 32 | |||
| 4. Stone extraction 41 | |||
| Quarry planning and development 41 | |||
| Location 42 | |||
| Opening up quarries 43 | |||
| National planning and inventory 43 | |||
| Preparation and extraction 46 | |||
| Slabby layers 49 | |||
| Extraction devices 50 | |||
| Raising blocks from the quarry floor 54 | |||
| Transport 55 | |||
| 5. Stone and the environment 59 | |||
| The effects of quarrying on the environment 60 | |||
| Case study: Olival quarry 64 | |||
| Case study: Estremoz quarry 65 | |||
| Case study: Ontario 65 | |||
| Effects of the environment on stone 68 | |||
| 6. Tools for stoneworking 73 | |||
| Terminology 73 | |||
| Tools and techniques 73 | |||
| Splitting devices 75 | |||
| Sizing sedimentary stones 77 | |||
| Splitting 78 | |||
| Hammers 79 | |||
| Chisels 82 | |||
| Drills 84 | |||
| Saws 85 | |||
| Bars 85 | |||
| Stone-breaking 90 | |||
| Hand-cutting a plane surface 90 | |||
| 7. Architectural uses 95 | |||
| Types of building stone 95 | |||
| Types of dressing 96 | |||
| Masonry practices 98 | |||
| Field-stone construction 101 | |||
| Building a wall 104 | |||
| Construction of dwellings 109 | |||
| Foundations 109 | |||
| Walls 113 | |||
| Stone as a roof covering 116 | |||
| Arches 119 | |||
| Floors 121 | |||
| 8. Industrial production 125 | |||
| Quarrying practices 127 | |||
| Drilling methods 127 | |||
| Wire-sawing 128 | |||
| Extraction by chain-saw 129 | |||
| Flame-jet cutting 130 | |||
| Water-jet cutting 131 | |||
| Processing 131 | |||
| Primary cutting 132 | |||
| Secondary sawing 136 | |||
| Surface processes 137 | |||
| Gritting 138 | |||
| Finishes 139 | |||
| Polishing 140 | |||
| Fixing 142 | |||
| Automation 143 | |||
| Waxing and packing 145 | |||
| 9. Stone development 150 | |||
| Comparative costs 150 | |||
| Planning 151 | |||
| Investing in equipment 152 | |||
| Commercial factors 153 | |||
| Pricing 154 | |||
| Transport 154 | |||
| Promotion 155 | |||
| Statistics for the future 158 | |||
| Foundations of success 159 | |||
| Appendix: Stone testing 162 | |||
| Current situation 162 | |||
| Testing procedures 162 | |||
| Safety factor 164 | |||
| Durability 164 | |||
| Surface finish 165 | |||
| Bibliography 167 | |||
| Glossary 168 |
Asher Shadmon
Professor Asher Shadmon is an Israeli engineering geologist who served as the first President of the International Association for Engineering Geology (IAEG)
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Bustillo Revuelta, Manuel
2021
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65207-4_3 [Citations: 1]You might also like:
