Practical Action Publishing

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  Extrusion of Foods

  There are two types of extrusion process: cold extrusion, which mixes and shapes foods such as biscuit dough and pasta without cooking them; and hot extrusion (or extrusion cooking).

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  Spice Processing

  Small-scale processing of spices can be economically and socially successful.

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  Packaging Foods in Glass

  This Technical Brief is intended to advise small-scale producers on the methods and equipment needed to package foods in glass jars and bottles.

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  Human-Powered Handpumps for Water Lifting

  This brief presents an overview of the types of human-powered water lifters available, the applications appropriate to them, and their comparative advantages.

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  Seed Multiplication of Improved Open-Pollinated Varieties

  Community-based seed multiplication of open-pollinated varieties (OPV) can mitigate against hybrid seed unavailability and its soaring cost thereby increasing access to standard seed for communal areas, especially in drought prone areas.

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  Recycling Plastics: Starting a business

  An introduction to plastic recycling looking at the reasons for recycling and the practicalities of small-scale businesses.

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  Shea Nut Processing

  The cultivation, harvesting, processing and products of the shea-tree.

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  Diseases and Pests that affect onion cultivation and their management

  This technical brief explains about the diseases and pests that affect onion farming and their management and prevention.

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  Delivery Model of Wood Gasifier Stoves in Sri Lanka

  Instead of burning the fuel-wood with a complete combustion to generate heat directly, a wood gasifier stove, which is also called a Forced Draft Wood Gasifier Stove, follows a two-step process. This two stage process leads to more complete combustion, releasing less smoke and less emission, particu...

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  Clay Pot Cooler – Cooling Food Without Electricity

  This document has been produced based on the experience of Movement Verein working in Burkina Faso, West Africa on the evaporative cooler for food preservation.