Arising from a recent scare in the UK relating to adulteration of beef with horsemeat in processed foods, a number of contributors discuss what implications this has for producers and exporters in developing countries. These contributions discuss similar scandals in Asia and southern Africa, and go beyond meat to milk, fresh fruit and vegetables, and other food products. They discuss how these events have led to drives not only to test the final product but also to monitor production and transportation methods, the costs of all of which are likely to be handed on to producers.

Bett, H.K., Musyoka, M.P., Peters, K.J. and Bokelmann, W. (2012) ‘Demand for meat in the rural and urban areas of Kenya: a focus on the indigenous chicken’, Economics Research International 2012 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/401472≯.

Unnevehr, L. (2003) ‘Food safety in food security and food trade’, in 2020 Vision Focus, no. 10, Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute.

Van Dijk, M.P. and Trienekens, J. (2012) ‘Global value chains: an overview of the issues and concepts’, in Van Dijk and Trienekens (eds), Global Value Chains: Linking Local Producers from Developing Countries to International Markets, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.

Commission of the European Communities (CEC) (2000) White Paper on Food Safety, COM (1999) 719 final, Brussels: Commission of the European Communities <http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/library/pub/pub06_en.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/library/pub/pub06_en.pdf

CEC (2002) ‘Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety’, Official Journal of the European Communities L 31/1 <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2002:031:0001:0024:EN:PDF≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2002:031:0001:0024:EN:PDF

CEC (2004a) ‘Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No 852/2004 the European Parliament and the Council of 29 April 2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs’, Official Journal of the European Communities L226/3 (25 June 2004) <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0003:0021:EN:PDF≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0003:0021:EN:PDF

CEC (2004b) ‘Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No 854/2004 the European Parliament and the Council of 29 April 2004 laying down specific rules for the organisation of official controls on products of animal origin intended for human consumption’, Official Journal of the European Communities L226/83 (25 June 2004) <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0083:0127:EN:PDF≯ [accessed February 2011]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0083:0127:EN:PDF

CEC (2004c) ‘Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 the European Parliament and the Council of 29 April 2004 laying down specific hygiene rules for food of animal origin’, Official Journal of the European Communities L226/22 (25 June 2004) <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/ LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2004:226:0022:0082:EN:PDF≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/ LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2004:226:0022:0082:EN:PDF

Codex Alimentarius Commission (2010) Consideration of the Impact of Private Standards, CX/CAC 10/33/13, Rome: FAO; Geneva: WHO <ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/Meetings/CAC/cac33/cac33_13e.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/Meetings/CAC/cac33/cac33_13e.pdf

Henson, S.J. and Humphrey, J. (2009) ‘The impacts of private food safety standards on the food chain and on public standard-setting processes’, paper prepared for 32nd Session of Codex Alimentarius Commission, ALINORM 09/32/9D-Part II, Rome: FAO; Geneva: WHO <http://origin-www.fsis.usda.gov/PDF/Codex_al32_09Dbe.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://origin-www.fsis.usda.gov/PDF/Codex_al32_09Dbe.pdf

Humphrey, J. (2012) Food Safety, Private Standards Schemes and Trade: The Implications of the FDA Food Safety Modernisation Act, IDS Working Paper 2012-403 [online], Brighton: Institute of Development Studies, <www.ids.ac.uk/publication/food-safety-private-standards-schemes-and-trade-the-implications-of-the-fda-food-safety-modernization-act≯ [accessed 26 March 2013]. www.ids.ac.uk/publication/food-safety-private-standards-schemes-and-trade-the-implications-of-the-fda-food-safety-modernization-act

Rodman, N. (2008) Private Food Safety Standards and Value Chains: How Does GLOBAL G.A.P. Change the Sourcing Strategies of German Supermarkets? Diplomarbeit im Fach Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeographie Thesis, Cologne, Germany: Cologne University.

Taylor, M. (2012) ‘Ensuring produce safety in a global food system’, speech made at America Trades Produce Meeting, Tubac, Arizona, 22 March 2012 <www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/FSMA/ucm297839.htm≯ [accessed July 2012]. www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/FSMA/ucm297839.htm

UK Government (1990) Food Safety Act [online] <www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/16/enacted≯ [accessed July 2012]. www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/16/enacted

United States Congress (2010) FDA Food Safety Modernization Act, H.R. 2751 [online], Washington, DC: 111th Congress <www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ353/pdf/PLAW-111publ353.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ353/pdf/PLAW-111publ353.pdf

WTO (2007) Private Standards and the SPS Agreement, Note by the Secretariat, G/SPS/GEN/746 [online], Geneva: WTO, Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures <http://ec.europa.eu/food/international/organisations/sps/docs/g-sps-gen_746.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://ec.europa.eu/food/international/organisations/sps/docs/g-sps-gen_746.pdf

Bett, H.K., Musyoka, M.P., Peters, K.J. and Bokelmann, W. (2012) ‘Demand for meat in the rural and urban areas of Kenya: a focus on the indigenous chicken’, Economics Research International 2012 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/401472≯.

Unnevehr, L. (2003) ‘Food safety in food security and food trade’, in 2020 Vision Focus, no. 10, Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute.

Van Dijk, M.P. and Trienekens, J. (2012) ‘Global value chains: an overview of the issues and concepts’, in Van Dijk and Trienekens (eds), Global Value Chains: Linking Local Producers from Developing Countries to International Markets, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.

Commission of the European Communities (CEC) (2000) White Paper on Food Safety, COM (1999) 719 final, Brussels: Commission of the European Communities <http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/library/pub/pub06_en.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/library/pub/pub06_en.pdf

CEC (2002) ‘Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety’, Official Journal of the European Communities L 31/1 <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2002:031:0001:0024:EN:PDF≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2002:031:0001:0024:EN:PDF

CEC (2004a) ‘Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No 852/2004 the European Parliament and the Council of 29 April 2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs’, Official Journal of the European Communities L226/3 (25 June 2004) <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0003:0021:EN:PDF≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0003:0021:EN:PDF

CEC (2004b) ‘Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No 854/2004 the European Parliament and the Council of 29 April 2004 laying down specific rules for the organisation of official controls on products of animal origin intended for human consumption’, Official Journal of the European Communities L226/83 (25 June 2004) <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0083:0127:EN:PDF≯ [accessed February 2011]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0083:0127:EN:PDF

CEC (2004c) ‘Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 the European Parliament and the Council of 29 April 2004 laying down specific hygiene rules for food of animal origin’, Official Journal of the European Communities L226/22 (25 June 2004) <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/ LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2004:226:0022:0082:EN:PDF≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/ LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2004:226:0022:0082:EN:PDF

Codex Alimentarius Commission (2010) Consideration of the Impact of Private Standards, CX/CAC 10/33/13, Rome: FAO; Geneva: WHO <ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/Meetings/CAC/cac33/cac33_13e.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/Meetings/CAC/cac33/cac33_13e.pdf

Henson, S.J. and Humphrey, J. (2009) ‘The impacts of private food safety standards on the food chain and on public standard-setting processes’, paper prepared for 32nd Session of Codex Alimentarius Commission, ALINORM 09/32/9D-Part II, Rome: FAO; Geneva: WHO <http://origin-www.fsis.usda.gov/PDF/Codex_al32_09Dbe.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://origin-www.fsis.usda.gov/PDF/Codex_al32_09Dbe.pdf

Humphrey, J. (2012) Food Safety, Private Standards Schemes and Trade: The Implications of the FDA Food Safety Modernisation Act, IDS Working Paper 2012-403 [online], Brighton: Institute of Development Studies, <www.ids.ac.uk/publication/food-safety-private-standards-schemes-and-trade-the-implications-of-the-fda-food-safety-modernization-act≯ [accessed 26 March 2013]. www.ids.ac.uk/publication/food-safety-private-standards-schemes-and-trade-the-implications-of-the-fda-food-safety-modernization-act

Rodman, N. (2008) Private Food Safety Standards and Value Chains: How Does GLOBAL G.A.P. Change the Sourcing Strategies of German Supermarkets? Diplomarbeit im Fach Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeographie Thesis, Cologne, Germany: Cologne University.

Taylor, M. (2012) ‘Ensuring produce safety in a global food system’, speech made at America Trades Produce Meeting, Tubac, Arizona, 22 March 2012 <www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/FSMA/ucm297839.htm≯ [accessed July 2012]. www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/FSMA/ucm297839.htm

UK Government (1990) Food Safety Act [online] <www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/16/enacted≯ [accessed July 2012]. www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/16/enacted

United States Congress (2010) FDA Food Safety Modernization Act, H.R. 2751 [online], Washington, DC: 111th Congress <www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ353/pdf/PLAW-111publ353.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ353/pdf/PLAW-111publ353.pdf

WTO (2007) Private Standards and the SPS Agreement, Note by the Secretariat, G/SPS/GEN/746 [online], Geneva: WTO, Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures <http://ec.europa.eu/food/international/organisations/sps/docs/g-sps-gen_746.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://ec.europa.eu/food/international/organisations/sps/docs/g-sps-gen_746.pdf

Bett, H.K., Musyoka, M.P., Peters, K.J. and Bokelmann, W. (2012) ‘Demand for meat in the rural and urban areas of Kenya: a focus on the indigenous chicken’, Economics Research International 2012 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/401472≯.

Unnevehr, L. (2003) ‘Food safety in food security and food trade’, in 2020 Vision Focus, no. 10, Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute.

Van Dijk, M.P. and Trienekens, J. (2012) ‘Global value chains: an overview of the issues and concepts’, in Van Dijk and Trienekens (eds), Global Value Chains: Linking Local Producers from Developing Countries to International Markets, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.

Commission of the European Communities (CEC) (2000) White Paper on Food Safety, COM (1999) 719 final, Brussels: Commission of the European Communities <http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/library/pub/pub06_en.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/library/pub/pub06_en.pdf

CEC (2002) ‘Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety’, Official Journal of the European Communities L 31/1 <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2002:031:0001:0024:EN:PDF≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2002:031:0001:0024:EN:PDF

CEC (2004a) ‘Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No 852/2004 the European Parliament and the Council of 29 April 2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs’, Official Journal of the European Communities L226/3 (25 June 2004) <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0003:0021:EN:PDF≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0003:0021:EN:PDF

CEC (2004b) ‘Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No 854/2004 the European Parliament and the Council of 29 April 2004 laying down specific rules for the organisation of official controls on products of animal origin intended for human consumption’, Official Journal of the European Communities L226/83 (25 June 2004) <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0083:0127:EN:PDF≯ [accessed February 2011]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0083:0127:EN:PDF

CEC (2004c) ‘Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 the European Parliament and the Council of 29 April 2004 laying down specific hygiene rules for food of animal origin’, Official Journal of the European Communities L226/22 (25 June 2004) <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/ LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2004:226:0022:0082:EN:PDF≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/ LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2004:226:0022:0082:EN:PDF

Codex Alimentarius Commission (2010) Consideration of the Impact of Private Standards, CX/CAC 10/33/13, Rome: FAO; Geneva: WHO <ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/Meetings/CAC/cac33/cac33_13e.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/Meetings/CAC/cac33/cac33_13e.pdf

Henson, S.J. and Humphrey, J. (2009) ‘The impacts of private food safety standards on the food chain and on public standard-setting processes’, paper prepared for 32nd Session of Codex Alimentarius Commission, ALINORM 09/32/9D-Part II, Rome: FAO; Geneva: WHO <http://origin-www.fsis.usda.gov/PDF/Codex_al32_09Dbe.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://origin-www.fsis.usda.gov/PDF/Codex_al32_09Dbe.pdf

Humphrey, J. (2012) Food Safety, Private Standards Schemes and Trade: The Implications of the FDA Food Safety Modernisation Act, IDS Working Paper 2012-403 [online], Brighton: Institute of Development Studies, <www.ids.ac.uk/publication/food-safety-private-standards-schemes-and-trade-the-implications-of-the-fda-food-safety-modernization-act≯ [accessed 26 March 2013]. www.ids.ac.uk/publication/food-safety-private-standards-schemes-and-trade-the-implications-of-the-fda-food-safety-modernization-act

Rodman, N. (2008) Private Food Safety Standards and Value Chains: How Does GLOBAL G.A.P. Change the Sourcing Strategies of German Supermarkets? Diplomarbeit im Fach Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeographie Thesis, Cologne, Germany: Cologne University.

Taylor, M. (2012) ‘Ensuring produce safety in a global food system’, speech made at America Trades Produce Meeting, Tubac, Arizona, 22 March 2012 <www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/FSMA/ucm297839.htm≯ [accessed July 2012]. www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/FSMA/ucm297839.htm

UK Government (1990) Food Safety Act [online] <www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/16/enacted≯ [accessed July 2012]. www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/16/enacted

United States Congress (2010) FDA Food Safety Modernization Act, H.R. 2751 [online], Washington, DC: 111th Congress <www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ353/pdf/PLAW-111publ353.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ353/pdf/PLAW-111publ353.pdf

WTO (2007) Private Standards and the SPS Agreement, Note by the Secretariat, G/SPS/GEN/746 [online], Geneva: WTO, Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures <http://ec.europa.eu/food/international/organisations/sps/docs/g-sps-gen_746.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://ec.europa.eu/food/international/organisations/sps/docs/g-sps-gen_746.pdf

Bett, H.K., Musyoka, M.P., Peters, K.J. and Bokelmann, W. (2012) ‘Demand for meat in the rural and urban areas of Kenya: a focus on the indigenous chicken’, Economics Research International 2012 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/401472≯.

Unnevehr, L. (2003) ‘Food safety in food security and food trade’, in 2020 Vision Focus, no. 10, Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute.

Van Dijk, M.P. and Trienekens, J. (2012) ‘Global value chains: an overview of the issues and concepts’, in Van Dijk and Trienekens (eds), Global Value Chains: Linking Local Producers from Developing Countries to International Markets, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.

Commission of the European Communities (CEC) (2000) White Paper on Food Safety, COM (1999) 719 final, Brussels: Commission of the European Communities <http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/library/pub/pub06_en.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/library/pub/pub06_en.pdf

CEC (2002) ‘Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety’, Official Journal of the European Communities L 31/1 <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2002:031:0001:0024:EN:PDF≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2002:031:0001:0024:EN:PDF

CEC (2004a) ‘Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No 852/2004 the European Parliament and the Council of 29 April 2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs’, Official Journal of the European Communities L226/3 (25 June 2004) <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0003:0021:EN:PDF≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0003:0021:EN:PDF

CEC (2004b) ‘Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No 854/2004 the European Parliament and the Council of 29 April 2004 laying down specific rules for the organisation of official controls on products of animal origin intended for human consumption’, Official Journal of the European Communities L226/83 (25 June 2004) <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0083:0127:EN:PDF≯ [accessed February 2011]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri= OJ:L:2004:226:0083:0127:EN:PDF

CEC (2004c) ‘Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 the European Parliament and the Council of 29 April 2004 laying down specific hygiene rules for food of animal origin’, Official Journal of the European Communities L226/22 (25 June 2004) <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/ LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2004:226:0022:0082:EN:PDF≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/ LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2004:226:0022:0082:EN:PDF

Codex Alimentarius Commission (2010) Consideration of the Impact of Private Standards, CX/CAC 10/33/13, Rome: FAO; Geneva: WHO <ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/Meetings/CAC/cac33/cac33_13e.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/Meetings/CAC/cac33/cac33_13e.pdf

Henson, S.J. and Humphrey, J. (2009) ‘The impacts of private food safety standards on the food chain and on public standard-setting processes’, paper prepared for 32nd Session of Codex Alimentarius Commission, ALINORM 09/32/9D-Part II, Rome: FAO; Geneva: WHO <http://origin-www.fsis.usda.gov/PDF/Codex_al32_09Dbe.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://origin-www.fsis.usda.gov/PDF/Codex_al32_09Dbe.pdf

Humphrey, J. (2012) Food Safety, Private Standards Schemes and Trade: The Implications of the FDA Food Safety Modernisation Act, IDS Working Paper 2012-403 [online], Brighton: Institute of Development Studies, <www.ids.ac.uk/publication/food-safety-private-standards-schemes-and-trade-the-implications-of-the-fda-food-safety-modernization-act≯ [accessed 26 March 2013]. www.ids.ac.uk/publication/food-safety-private-standards-schemes-and-trade-the-implications-of-the-fda-food-safety-modernization-act

Rodman, N. (2008) Private Food Safety Standards and Value Chains: How Does GLOBAL G.A.P. Change the Sourcing Strategies of German Supermarkets? Diplomarbeit im Fach Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeographie Thesis, Cologne, Germany: Cologne University.

Taylor, M. (2012) ‘Ensuring produce safety in a global food system’, speech made at America Trades Produce Meeting, Tubac, Arizona, 22 March 2012 <www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/FSMA/ucm297839.htm≯ [accessed July 2012]. www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/FSMA/ucm297839.htm

UK Government (1990) Food Safety Act [online] <www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/16/enacted≯ [accessed July 2012]. www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/16/enacted

United States Congress (2010) FDA Food Safety Modernization Act, H.R. 2751 [online], Washington, DC: 111th Congress <www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ353/pdf/PLAW-111publ353.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ353/pdf/PLAW-111publ353.pdf

WTO (2007) Private Standards and the SPS Agreement, Note by the Secretariat, G/SPS/GEN/746 [online], Geneva: WTO, Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures <http://ec.europa.eu/food/international/organisations/sps/docs/g-sps-gen_746.pdf≯ [accessed July 2012]. http://ec.europa.eu/food/international/organisations/sps/docs/g-sps-gen_746.pdf