Scaling-up and sustainability, the elusive double quest: Villages assainis in DR Congo
Solutions to the quest for rapid WASH service spread, while at the same time consolidating service sustainability, still remain elusive. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), despite acute social and economic problems, depletion of infrastructure, ongoing civil war, and severe cholera outbreaks, a donor-supported Ministry of Health ‘Healthy village, Healthy school’ (Ecole et Village Assainis) programme has achieved remarkable results. After five years, over 2,300 villages have been declared ‘assaini’, as have 800 schools, as a result of genuine community-based action. Diarrhoeal disease has been reduced by 80 per cent, with assaini villages proving resistant to cholera infection. But the speed of programme take-up is far slower than needed to reach the MDG for 2015; and a longer and costlier process of input and follow-up is needed to sustain services and health gains. What will it take to boost take-up and consolidate the ‘clean and healthy’ lifestyle?Black, M. and Fawcett, B. (2008) The Last Taboo: Opening the Door on the Global Sanitation Crisis, London: UNICEF and Earthscan.
DRC Ministère de la Sante Publique, Ministère de l’Enseignement primaire, secondaire et professionnel (2011) Village et école assainis, source de vie: Eau potable, hygiène et assainissement pour le Congo rural, Kinshasa, DRC: Ministère de la Santé Publique.
UNDP (2011) Human Development Report: Sustainability and Equity: A Better Future for All, New York: UNDP.
UNICEF (2006) UNICEF Assistance towards the Healthy Village National Programme and the Healthy School National Programme 2007-2012, initial programme document, New York: UNICEF.
UNICEF (2008) ‘UNICEF's non-negotiable principles of CATS’ [online] <www.communityledtotalsanitation.org/resource/unicef-community-approaches-sanitation-cats≯ [accessed 11 March 2013]. www.communityledtotalsanitation.org/resource/unicef-community-approaches-sanitation-cats
UNICEF (2009) Le processus du village assaini pas à pas, programme document, UNICEF Kinshasa.
UNICEF (2012) Atlas 2011, Approvisionnement en Eau Potable, Assainissement et Hygiène pour les Communautés Rurales et Périurbaines de la RDC, Programme National ‘Ecole et Villages Assainis’, Ministère de la Sante Publique et Ministère de l’Enseignements, Kinshasa, DRC: Ministère de la Santé Publique.
Black, M. and Fawcett, B. (2008) The Last Taboo: Opening the Door on the Global Sanitation Crisis, London: UNICEF and Earthscan.
DRC Ministère de la Sante Publique, Ministère de l’Enseignement primaire, secondaire et professionnel (2011) Village et école assainis, source de vie: Eau potable, hygiène et assainissement pour le Congo rural, Kinshasa, DRC: Ministère de la Santé Publique.
UNDP (2011) Human Development Report: Sustainability and Equity: A Better Future for All, New York: UNDP.
UNICEF (2006) UNICEF Assistance towards the Healthy Village National Programme and the Healthy School National Programme 2007-2012, initial programme document, New York: UNICEF.
UNICEF (2008) ‘UNICEF's non-negotiable principles of CATS’ [online] <www.communityledtotalsanitation.org/resource/unicef-community-approaches-sanitation-cats≯ [accessed 11 March 2013]. www.communityledtotalsanitation.org/resource/unicef-community-approaches-sanitation-cats
UNICEF (2009) Le processus du village assaini pas à pas, programme document, UNICEF Kinshasa.
UNICEF (2012) Atlas 2011, Approvisionnement en Eau Potable, Assainissement et Hygiène pour les Communautés Rurales et Périurbaines de la RDC, Programme National ‘Ecole et Villages Assainis’, Ministère de la Sante Publique et Ministère de l’Enseignements, Kinshasa, DRC: Ministère de la Santé Publique.
Black, M. and Fawcett, B. (2008) The Last Taboo: Opening the Door on the Global Sanitation Crisis, London: UNICEF and Earthscan.
DRC Ministère de la Sante Publique, Ministère de l’Enseignement primaire, secondaire et professionnel (2011) Village et école assainis, source de vie: Eau potable, hygiène et assainissement pour le Congo rural, Kinshasa, DRC: Ministère de la Santé Publique.
UNDP (2011) Human Development Report: Sustainability and Equity: A Better Future for All, New York: UNDP.
UNICEF (2006) UNICEF Assistance towards the Healthy Village National Programme and the Healthy School National Programme 2007-2012, initial programme document, New York: UNICEF.
UNICEF (2008) ‘UNICEF's non-negotiable principles of CATS’ [online] <www.communityledtotalsanitation.org/resource/unicef-community-approaches-sanitation-cats≯ [accessed 11 March 2013]. www.communityledtotalsanitation.org/resource/unicef-community-approaches-sanitation-cats
UNICEF (2009) Le processus du village assaini pas à pas, programme document, UNICEF Kinshasa.
UNICEF (2012) Atlas 2011, Approvisionnement en Eau Potable, Assainissement et Hygiène pour les Communautés Rurales et Périurbaines de la RDC, Programme National ‘Ecole et Villages Assainis’, Ministère de la Sante Publique et Ministère de l’Enseignements, Kinshasa, DRC: Ministère de la Santé Publique.
Black, M. and Fawcett, B. (2008) The Last Taboo: Opening the Door on the Global Sanitation Crisis, London: UNICEF and Earthscan.
DRC Ministère de la Sante Publique, Ministère de l’Enseignement primaire, secondaire et professionnel (2011) Village et école assainis, source de vie: Eau potable, hygiène et assainissement pour le Congo rural, Kinshasa, DRC: Ministère de la Santé Publique.
UNDP (2011) Human Development Report: Sustainability and Equity: A Better Future for All, New York: UNDP.
UNICEF (2006) UNICEF Assistance towards the Healthy Village National Programme and the Healthy School National Programme 2007-2012, initial programme document, New York: UNICEF.
UNICEF (2008) ‘UNICEF's non-negotiable principles of CATS’ [online] <www.communityledtotalsanitation.org/resource/unicef-community-approaches-sanitation-cats≯ [accessed 11 March 2013]. www.communityledtotalsanitation.org/resource/unicef-community-approaches-sanitation-cats
UNICEF (2009) Le processus du village assaini pas à pas, programme document, UNICEF Kinshasa.
UNICEF (2012) Atlas 2011, Approvisionnement en Eau Potable, Assainissement et Hygiène pour les Communautés Rurales et Périurbaines de la RDC, Programme National ‘Ecole et Villages Assainis’, Ministère de la Sante Publique et Ministère de l’Enseignements, Kinshasa, DRC: Ministère de la Santé Publique.
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