On the road to sustainable sanitation: an overview of practices and lessons learned from a sanitation programme in Malawi
This paper details practices and lessons learned from a sanitation programme implemented at Embangweni and Ekwendeni in Mzimba district, northern Malawi. The programme began in 2002 when the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian (CCAP) Synod of Livingstonia partnered with WaterAid, a British charity exclusively dedicated to provision of safe water supply, sanitation, and hygiene education messages to the world's poorest people. The partnership was established to focus on sanitation and hygiene within the coverage area of the CCAP Synod of Livingstonia's Embangweni and Ekwendeni mission hospitals. In this paper the activities and practices which influenced the success of the programme are highlighted together with the sustainability issues influencing the experimentation, innovations and behavioural change initiatives in the programme. Finally, this paper brings to light a detailed account of what worked and what did not work.Bleslin, E.D. (2002) ‘Introducing ecological sanitation: Some lessons from a small town pilot project in Mozambique’, Water, Science and Technology 45: 217-24.
D'Souza, B. (2005) Drivers for the Uptake of Ecological Sanitation in Embangweni, Malawi, London: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
Morgan, P. (2001) Ecological Sanitation in Zimbabwe: A Compilation of Manuals and Experiences, Vols I, II and III, Harare, Zimbabwe: Aquamor.
Morgan, P. (2009) Toilets that Make Compost: Low Cost Sanitary Toilets that Produce Valuable Compost for Crops in an African Context, Rugby, UK: Practical Action Publishing.
Sugden, S. (2003) ‘One step closer to sustainable sanitation: the experiences of eco-sanitation project in Malawi’, Malawi: WaterAid. <www.wateraid.org/documents/revised_eco_sanitation_reportv2_0308.pdf≯ www.wateraid.org/documents/revised_eco_sanitation_reportv2_0308.pdf
Bleslin, E.D. (2002) ‘Introducing ecological sanitation: Some lessons from a small town pilot project in Mozambique’, Water, Science and Technology 45: 217-24.
D'Souza, B. (2005) Drivers for the Uptake of Ecological Sanitation in Embangweni, Malawi, London: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
Morgan, P. (2001) Ecological Sanitation in Zimbabwe: A Compilation of Manuals and Experiences, Vols I, II and III, Harare, Zimbabwe: Aquamor.
Morgan, P. (2009) Toilets that Make Compost: Low Cost Sanitary Toilets that Produce Valuable Compost for Crops in an African Context, Rugby, UK: Practical Action Publishing.
Sugden, S. (2003) ‘One step closer to sustainable sanitation: the experiences of eco-sanitation project in Malawi’, Malawi: WaterAid. <www.wateraid.org/documents/revised_eco_sanitation_reportv2_0308.pdf≯ www.wateraid.org/documents/revised_eco_sanitation_reportv2_0308.pdf
Bleslin, E.D. (2002) ‘Introducing ecological sanitation: Some lessons from a small town pilot project in Mozambique’, Water, Science and Technology 45: 217-24.
D'Souza, B. (2005) Drivers for the Uptake of Ecological Sanitation in Embangweni, Malawi, London: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
Morgan, P. (2001) Ecological Sanitation in Zimbabwe: A Compilation of Manuals and Experiences, Vols I, II and III, Harare, Zimbabwe: Aquamor.
Morgan, P. (2009) Toilets that Make Compost: Low Cost Sanitary Toilets that Produce Valuable Compost for Crops in an African Context, Rugby, UK: Practical Action Publishing.
Sugden, S. (2003) ‘One step closer to sustainable sanitation: the experiences of eco-sanitation project in Malawi’, Malawi: WaterAid. <www.wateraid.org/documents/revised_eco_sanitation_reportv2_0308.pdf≯ www.wateraid.org/documents/revised_eco_sanitation_reportv2_0308.pdf
Bleslin, E.D. (2002) ‘Introducing ecological sanitation: Some lessons from a small town pilot project in Mozambique’, Water, Science and Technology 45: 217-24.
D'Souza, B. (2005) Drivers for the Uptake of Ecological Sanitation in Embangweni, Malawi, London: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
Morgan, P. (2001) Ecological Sanitation in Zimbabwe: A Compilation of Manuals and Experiences, Vols I, II and III, Harare, Zimbabwe: Aquamor.
Morgan, P. (2009) Toilets that Make Compost: Low Cost Sanitary Toilets that Produce Valuable Compost for Crops in an African Context, Rugby, UK: Practical Action Publishing.
Sugden, S. (2003) ‘One step closer to sustainable sanitation: the experiences of eco-sanitation project in Malawi’, Malawi: WaterAid. <www.wateraid.org/documents/revised_eco_sanitation_reportv2_0308.pdf≯ www.wateraid.org/documents/revised_eco_sanitation_reportv2_0308.pdf
Enhancing sustainable sanitation through capacity building and rural sanitation marketing in Malawi
Kasulo, Victor
Holm, Rochelle
Tembo, Mavuto
Singini, Wales
Mchenga, Joshua
Environment, Development and Sustainability, Vol. 22 (2020), Iss. 1 P.201
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-018-0191-2 [Citations: 4]Contextual and psychological factors influencing open defecation free status: an exploratory qualitative study in rural South Western Uganda
Ntaro, Moses
Owokuhaisa, Judith
Isunju, John Bosco
Mulogo, Edgar
Ssempebwa, John C.
BMC Public Health, Vol. 22 (2022), Iss. 1
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12759-z [Citations: 7]Open defecation-free slippage and its associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review
Abebe, Thomas Ayalew
Tucho, Gudina Terefe
Systematic Reviews, Vol. 9 (2020), Iss. 1
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01511-6 [Citations: 43]Approaches to promote handwashing and sanitation behaviour change in low‐ and middle‐income countries: a mixed method systematic review
De Buck, Emmy
Van Remoortel, Hans
Hannes, Karin
Govender, Thashlin
Naidoo, Selvan
Avau, Bert
Veegaete, Axel Vande
Musekiwa, Alfred
Lutje, Vittoria
Cargo, Margaret
Mosler, Hans‐Joachim
Vandekerckhove, Philippe
Young, Taryn
Campbell Systematic Reviews, Vol. 13 (2017), Iss. 1 P.1
https://doi.org/10.4073/csr.2017.7 [Citations: 46]- A call to action: organizational, professional, and personal change for gender transformative WASH programming
- Providing municipal faecal sludge management services: lessons from Bangladesh
- Menstrual hygiene management: education and empowerment for girls?
- Webwatch
- Transgender-inclusive sanitation: insights from South Asia
Browse our other journals
