Over the years Oxfam has been involved in a wide variety of health-related projects. The Practical Health Guides draw on this experience to put forward ideas on best practice in the provision of health care and services in developing countries. Where people are suffering from food scarcity or famine, the obvious response seems to be food aid. This may indeed be necessary, but handing out food may not be the best solution, and other actions could be equally urgent, such as public health or income support measures. This book provides a new approach to assessing and responding to situations of food scarcity and gives a comprehensive explanation of how to assess these situations in order to judge which interventions will be most effective. This book offers advice on carrying out initial assessments and nutrition surveys, and emphasises the importance of finding out the underlying causes of food scarcity by seeking out the views of those affected. Food distribution, and how to target the people who need it most, supplementary and therapeutic feeding programmes, are also covered.

Acknowledgements
Introduction
Part 1: Food scarcity, famine and malnutrition
1.1 Food scarcity and famine
1.2 Nutrition and malnutrition
1.3 Looking at the wider picture
Part 2: Assessments and surveys
2.1 Deciding what information you need for decision making
2.2 Choosing methods of collecting the information
2.3 Planning your assessment and organising your team
2.4 Analysing and interpreting your findings
2.5 Presenting your findings
Part 3: Using your findings in making decisions
3.1 Your analysis of the situation
3.2 Choosing the appropriate response
3.3 Targeting
Part 4: Food distribution
4.1 Some problems that might occur
4.2 General food rations
4.3 Supplementary feeding programmes
4.4 Therapeutic feeding
Conclusion
Appendix 1: Early warning
Appendix 2: Wealth ranking
Appendix 3: Selecting clusters for a nutrition survey
Appendix 4: Nutrition survey statistics
Appendix 5: How to measue children
Appendix 6: Report format
Appendix 7: Vitamin and mineral deficiencies
Appendix 8: Nutritional value of food aid commodities and common foods in Africa
Appendix 9: Oxfam kits
Appendix 10: Food aid biscuits
Appendix 11: Recipes for supplementary feeding programmes
Appendix 12: Food storage
Further reading
Glossary
Index

Helen Young
Helen Young leads the Darfur Livelihoods Programme at the ODI, which combines research, capacity development and institutional change. As a Research Fellow at the Overseas Development Institute, in Sussex, she reviewed nutritional assessment and response to situations of food insecurity and famine.