Managing Water Supply and Sanitation in Emergencies
This book is based on a public-health approach to the provision of water and sanitation in emergencies: an approach that is information-based and people-based. It emphasizes the need for a coordinated and phased response, which adapts to meet constantly changing needs. Two kinds of reader will find it useful: non-technical managers of disaster-relief programmes, who need to understand how water supply and sanitation works; and technicians and engineers, who need to see their work in a broader context and make decisions based on principles of equity and participation. Topics include site-selection, disposal of excreta and solid waste, drainage, and hygiene promotion. The text draws on Oxfam's years of practical experience in this field, and on the recommendations of the Sphere Project on Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response.
Published: 1999
Pages: 176
eBook: 9780855987930
Paperback: 9780855983789
| * Acknowledgements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| * Part 1: Introduction | |||
| 1. Introduction | |||
| o 1.1 Purpose, contents, and scope of the book | |||
| o 1.2 Enviromental health risks in emergencies | |||
| o 1.3 Needs and standards | |||
| o 1.4 Public-health approach to water supply and sanitation in emergencies | |||
| o 1.5 Partners in the humanitarian response | |||
| o 1.6 Working with disaster-affected people | |||
| o 1.7 Social diversity | |||
| o 1.8 The local cotext | |||
| o Part 2: Programme Management | |||
| 2. Assessment | |||
| o 2.1 Purpose | |||
| o 2.2 Sources of information | |||
| o 2.3 Field assessment techniques | |||
| o 2.4 Interpreting and presenting assessment information | |||
| o 2.5 Assessment strategy | |||
| 3. Planning and implementation | |||
| o 3.1 Project plans, budgets, and proposals | |||
| o 3.2 Phased response | |||
| o 3.3 Planning horizons | |||
| o 3.4 Co-ordination and integration | |||
| o 3.5 Contingency planning and preparedness | |||
| o 3.6 Operation and maintenance | |||
| o 3.7 Handover | |||
| o 3.8 Closing down emergency settlements | |||
| 4. Monitoring, evaluation, and reporting | |||
| o 4.1 Monitoring | |||
| o 4.2 Evaluation and review | |||
| 5. Managing programme resources | |||
| o 5.1 Materials and equipment | |||
| o 5.2 Field staff | |||
| o 5.3 Administration | |||
| o Part 3: Technical Chapters | |||
| 6. Emergency settlements, site selection, and planning | |||
| o 6.1 Introduction | |||
| o 6.2 Site selection | |||
| o 6.3 Physical planning of emergency settlements | |||
| o 6.4 Settlement location and physical layout: implications for water supply and sanitation | |||
| 7. Hygiene promotion | |||
| o 7.1 Introduction | |||
| o 7.2 Assessment | |||
| o 7.3 Setting objectives and choosing indicators | |||
| o 7.4 Implementation | |||
| o 7.5 Programme monitoring | |||
| o 7.6 Training | |||
| o 7.7 Community management | |||
| 8. Water supply | |||
| o 8.1 Introduction | |||
| o 8.2 Planning and implementation | |||
| o 8.3 Water sources | |||
| o 8.4 Water treatment | |||
| o 8.5 Water pumping | |||
| o 8.6 Water tankering | |||
| o 8.7 Water storage | |||
| o 8.8 Water distribution | |||
| o 8.9 Water collection and use | |||
| o 8.10 Water testing | |||
| 9. Excreta disposal | |||
| o 9.1 Introduction | |||
| o 9.2 Phased responce | |||
| o 9.3 Organisational options | |||
| o 9.4 Staffing needs | |||
| o 9.5 Monitoring latrine programmes | |||
| o 9.6 Technical options | |||
| o 9.7 Options for problem sites | |||
| 10. Vector control | |||
| o 10.1 Introduction | |||
| o 10.2 Assessment for strategies to control vector-borne disease | |||
| o 10.3 Planning a vector-control strategy | |||
| 11. Manageing solid waste | |||
| o 11.1 Introduction | |||
| o 11.2 Health risks of solid waste | |||
| o 11.3 Managing solid waste | |||
| o 11.4 Waste from health centres | |||
| o 11.5 Dead bodies | |||
| 12. Drainage | |||
| o 12.1 Introduction | |||
| o 12.2 Waste water | |||
| o 12.3 Storm water | |||
| o 12.4 Community involvement | |||
| o Index |
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