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The geology of water supplies
01.10.1984
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Policy biases, small enterprises and development
01.03.1993
Because of their contribution both to employment and productivity, small enterprises are vital to development. While small is not always beautiful, small firms are often more efficient in total resource use than the larger ones in sectors where the small predominate. Moreover, small enterprises are often productive in spite of policies that are biased against them, particularly agricultural, financial, and trade policies.While there are no policy panaceas, important patterns are apparent. Policy strategies, including large- and small-scale enterprise emphases, are discussed for 'hard' and 'soft' states and for Africa. In countries with very low incomes and untapped agricultural potential, the reform of agricultural policies must often receive top billing. Policy reforms should be pursued through donor and host country collaboration. -
Livestock services for small-scale cattle holders in rural Azerbaijan
01.12.2006
Before the break-up of the Soviet Union, veterinary and livestock services for the dairy industry had been provided by the state. Dairy farmers, no longer employed by the state, had few resources to pay for veterinary services, and their herds suffered. This paper identifies how external facilitation activities can contribute to the development of the private sector supply of veterinary, artificial insemination and other livestock-related services to address the critical constraints of a fast-growing dairy farming industry in rural areas of Azerbaijan. It discusses the role that an international NGO can play in bringing service providers and clients together without injecting subsidies into the system, thus rendering the relationships sustainable and market-driven.