Savings accounts for young people in developing countries: Trends in practice
Recently, savings initiatives for young people have been garnering increasing attention within the development community for their perceived potential to promote both youth development and financial inclusion. This paper surveys current practice to better understand the diverse range of youth savings initiatives under way in developing countries, and the actors promoting them in a range of forms for various objectives. It also gathers the little evidence available on the extent to which such savings initiatives are fulfilling their perceived dual development potential. The paper ends with key questions that must be answered with further research and practical experimentation, before this development potential can be confirmed.Ahammed, I. (2009) ‘A case study on financial services for street children: Padakhep’, paper presented at the Making Cents International Conference, Washington, DC, September 2009.
Beck, T., Demirguc-Kunt, A. and Levine, R. (2004) ‘Finance, inequality, and poverty: Cross-country evidence’, Policy Research Working Paper Series 3338, World Bank, Washington, DC.
Beverly, S., Sherraden, M. Zhan, M., Williams Shanks, T.R., Nam, Y. and Cramer, R. (2008) ‘Determinants of asset building’, Urban Institute Poor Finances Series, The Urban Institute, Washington, DC.
Boshara, R. (2005) ‘Individual development accounts: Policies to build savings and assets for the poor’, Welfare & Beyond Brief #35, The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC.
Chowa, G., Ansong, D. and Masa, R. (2010) ‘Assets and child well-being in developing countries’, Children and Youth Services Review (forthcoming).
Collins, D., Morduch, J., Rutherford, S. and Ruthven, O. (2009) Portfolios of the Poor, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
Erulkar, A. and Chong, E. (2005) ‘Evaluation of a savings and microcredit program for vulnerable young women in Nairobi’, Population Council, Nairobi.
Fild, L. (2009) ‘South Africans serious about saving for education despite hardships’ [online], available from: http://www.itinews.co.za/companyview.aspx?companyid=22707&itemid=CA953527-6A1C-48DE-9161-F96C9B67CCE8 [accessed 10 January 2010]. http://www.itinews.co.za/companyview.aspx?companyid=22707&itemid=CA953527-6A1C-48DE-9161-F96C9B67CCE8
Gepaya, L.Y. (2009) ‘Marketing and delivery is what matters, Panabo Multi- Purpose Cooperative (PMPC)’, Making Cents International Youth-Inclusive Financial Services Case Study No. 6, Washington DC,
Hirschland, M. (2010) Youth Savings Accounts: A Financial Services Perspective, USAID Office of Microenterprise Development, Washington, DC.
Kalyanwala, S. and Sebstad, J. (2006) Spending, Saving, and Borrowing: Perceptions and Experiences of Girls in Gujarat, Population Council, New Delhi.
Kashfi, F. (2009) ‘Youth Financial Services: The Case of BRAC & the Adolescent Girls of Bangladesh’, Youth-Inclusive Financial Services Linkage Program, Making Cents International, available from: http://www.makingcents.com/pdfs/resources/caseStudy10/BRAC_CaseStudyNo%205_September2009.pdf [accessed 11 October 2010]. http://www.makingcents.com/pdfs/resources/caseStudy10/BRAC_CaseStudyNo%205_September2009.pdf
Masa, R. (2009) ‘Innovations in youth saving and asset building around the world’, CSD Research Brief No. 09-52, Washington University, Center for Social Development, St Louis, MO.
Mensch, B., Grant, M., Sebastian, M., Hewett, P. and Huntington, D. (2004) ‘The effects of a livelihood intervention in an urban slum in India: Do vocational counseling and training alter the attitudes and behavior of adolescent girls’, Population Council Working Paper No. 194, Population Council, New York.
Meyer, J., Zimmerman, J. and Boshara, R. (2008) Child Savings Accounts: Global Trends in Design and Practice, New America Foundation, Washington, DC.
Schiller, J. (2009) ‘Making Financial Services and Business Skills Development Available to African Children and Youth: Accomplishments and Limitations of Research and Monitoring’, Making Cents International Youth-Inclusive Financial Services Case Study No. 12 Making Cents International, Washington DC.
Schreiner, M. and Sherraden, M. (2007) Can the Poor Save? Saving and Asset Building in Individual Development Accounts, Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, NJ.
Shanks, T.W., Kim, Y., Loke, V. and Destin, M. ‘Assets and child well-being in economically developed countries’, Children and Youth Services Review (forthcoming).
Sherraden, M. (1991) Assets and the Poor: A New American Welfare Policy, M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, NY.
Sherraden, M. (2008) ‘IDAs and asset-building policy: Lessons and directions’, CSD Working Paper 08-12, Washington University, Center for Social Development, St Louis, MO.
Ssewamala, F.M., Han, C.-K. and Neilands, T. (2009) ‘Asset ownership and health and mental health functioning among AIDS-Orphaned adolescents: Findings from a randomized clinical trial in rural Uganda’, Social Science and Medicine 69: 191-98.
Westley, G. and Palomas, X.M. (2010) ‘Is There a Business Case for Small Savers?’ Occasional Paper No. 18, CGAP, Washington DC,
WOCCU (World Council of Credit Unions) (2001) ‘A technical guide to savings mobilization: Lessons from credit union experience’, WOCCU Technical Guide No. 1, WOCCU, Madison, WI.
WOCCU (2006) ‘A technical guide to increasing citizen participation: How credit unions strengthen democracy’, WOCCU Technical Guide No. 6, WOCCU, Madison, WI.
WSBI (2007a) Savings Banks’ Socially Responsible Activities, a Wealth of Experience: Insights from WSBI Members in Africa, Asia, and the Americas, WSBI, Brussels.
WSBI (2007b) Examples of WSBI Members’ Initiatives in the Field of Financial Education, WSBI, Brussels.
Zimmerman, J. and Moury, Y. (2009) Savings-Linked Conditional Cash Transfers: A New Policy Approach to Global Poverty Reduction, New America Foundation, Washington, DC.
Ahammed, I. (2009) ‘A case study on financial services for street children: Padakhep’, paper presented at the Making Cents International Conference, Washington, DC, September 2009.
Beck, T., Demirguc-Kunt, A. and Levine, R. (2004) ‘Finance, inequality, and poverty: Cross-country evidence’, Policy Research Working Paper Series 3338, World Bank, Washington, DC.
Beverly, S., Sherraden, M. Zhan, M., Williams Shanks, T.R., Nam, Y. and Cramer, R. (2008) ‘Determinants of asset building’, Urban Institute Poor Finances Series, The Urban Institute, Washington, DC.
Boshara, R. (2005) ‘Individual development accounts: Policies to build savings and assets for the poor’, Welfare & Beyond Brief #35, The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC.
Chowa, G., Ansong, D. and Masa, R. (2010) ‘Assets and child well-being in developing countries’, Children and Youth Services Review (forthcoming).
Collins, D., Morduch, J., Rutherford, S. and Ruthven, O. (2009) Portfolios of the Poor, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
Erulkar, A. and Chong, E. (2005) ‘Evaluation of a savings and microcredit program for vulnerable young women in Nairobi’, Population Council, Nairobi.
Fild, L. (2009) ‘South Africans serious about saving for education despite hardships’ [online], available from: http://www.itinews.co.za/companyview.aspx?companyid=22707&itemid=CA953527-6A1C-48DE-9161-F96C9B67CCE8 [accessed 10 January 2010]. http://www.itinews.co.za/companyview.aspx?companyid=22707&itemid=CA953527-6A1C-48DE-9161-F96C9B67CCE8
Gepaya, L.Y. (2009) ‘Marketing and delivery is what matters, Panabo Multi- Purpose Cooperative (PMPC)’, Making Cents International Youth-Inclusive Financial Services Case Study No. 6, Washington DC,
Hirschland, M. (2010) Youth Savings Accounts: A Financial Services Perspective, USAID Office of Microenterprise Development, Washington, DC.
Kalyanwala, S. and Sebstad, J. (2006) Spending, Saving, and Borrowing: Perceptions and Experiences of Girls in Gujarat, Population Council, New Delhi.
Kashfi, F. (2009) ‘Youth Financial Services: The Case of BRAC & the Adolescent Girls of Bangladesh’, Youth-Inclusive Financial Services Linkage Program, Making Cents International, available from: http://www.makingcents.com/pdfs/resources/caseStudy10/BRAC_CaseStudyNo%205_September2009.pdf [accessed 11 October 2010]. http://www.makingcents.com/pdfs/resources/caseStudy10/BRAC_CaseStudyNo%205_September2009.pdf
Masa, R. (2009) ‘Innovations in youth saving and asset building around the world’, CSD Research Brief No. 09-52, Washington University, Center for Social Development, St Louis, MO.
Mensch, B., Grant, M., Sebastian, M., Hewett, P. and Huntington, D. (2004) ‘The effects of a livelihood intervention in an urban slum in India: Do vocational counseling and training alter the attitudes and behavior of adolescent girls’, Population Council Working Paper No. 194, Population Council, New York.
Meyer, J., Zimmerman, J. and Boshara, R. (2008) Child Savings Accounts: Global Trends in Design and Practice, New America Foundation, Washington, DC.
Schiller, J. (2009) ‘Making Financial Services and Business Skills Development Available to African Children and Youth: Accomplishments and Limitations of Research and Monitoring’, Making Cents International Youth-Inclusive Financial Services Case Study No. 12 Making Cents International, Washington DC.
Schreiner, M. and Sherraden, M. (2007) Can the Poor Save? Saving and Asset Building in Individual Development Accounts, Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, NJ.
Shanks, T.W., Kim, Y., Loke, V. and Destin, M. ‘Assets and child well-being in economically developed countries’, Children and Youth Services Review (forthcoming).
Sherraden, M. (1991) Assets and the Poor: A New American Welfare Policy, M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, NY.
Sherraden, M. (2008) ‘IDAs and asset-building policy: Lessons and directions’, CSD Working Paper 08-12, Washington University, Center for Social Development, St Louis, MO.
Ssewamala, F.M., Han, C.-K. and Neilands, T. (2009) ‘Asset ownership and health and mental health functioning among AIDS-Orphaned adolescents: Findings from a randomized clinical trial in rural Uganda’, Social Science and Medicine 69: 191-98.
Westley, G. and Palomas, X.M. (2010) ‘Is There a Business Case for Small Savers?’ Occasional Paper No. 18, CGAP, Washington DC,
WOCCU (World Council of Credit Unions) (2001) ‘A technical guide to savings mobilization: Lessons from credit union experience’, WOCCU Technical Guide No. 1, WOCCU, Madison, WI.
WOCCU (2006) ‘A technical guide to increasing citizen participation: How credit unions strengthen democracy’, WOCCU Technical Guide No. 6, WOCCU, Madison, WI.
WSBI (2007a) Savings Banks’ Socially Responsible Activities, a Wealth of Experience: Insights from WSBI Members in Africa, Asia, and the Americas, WSBI, Brussels.
WSBI (2007b) Examples of WSBI Members’ Initiatives in the Field of Financial Education, WSBI, Brussels.
Zimmerman, J. and Moury, Y. (2009) Savings-Linked Conditional Cash Transfers: A New Policy Approach to Global Poverty Reduction, New America Foundation, Washington, DC.
Ahammed, I. (2009) ‘A case study on financial services for street children: Padakhep’, paper presented at the Making Cents International Conference, Washington, DC, September 2009.
Beck, T., Demirguc-Kunt, A. and Levine, R. (2004) ‘Finance, inequality, and poverty: Cross-country evidence’, Policy Research Working Paper Series 3338, World Bank, Washington, DC.
Beverly, S., Sherraden, M. Zhan, M., Williams Shanks, T.R., Nam, Y. and Cramer, R. (2008) ‘Determinants of asset building’, Urban Institute Poor Finances Series, The Urban Institute, Washington, DC.
Boshara, R. (2005) ‘Individual development accounts: Policies to build savings and assets for the poor’, Welfare & Beyond Brief #35, The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC.
Chowa, G., Ansong, D. and Masa, R. (2010) ‘Assets and child well-being in developing countries’, Children and Youth Services Review (forthcoming).
Collins, D., Morduch, J., Rutherford, S. and Ruthven, O. (2009) Portfolios of the Poor, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
Erulkar, A. and Chong, E. (2005) ‘Evaluation of a savings and microcredit program for vulnerable young women in Nairobi’, Population Council, Nairobi.
Fild, L. (2009) ‘South Africans serious about saving for education despite hardships’ [online], available from: http://www.itinews.co.za/companyview.aspx?companyid=22707&itemid=CA953527-6A1C-48DE-9161-F96C9B67CCE8 [accessed 10 January 2010]. http://www.itinews.co.za/companyview.aspx?companyid=22707&itemid=CA953527-6A1C-48DE-9161-F96C9B67CCE8
Gepaya, L.Y. (2009) ‘Marketing and delivery is what matters, Panabo Multi- Purpose Cooperative (PMPC)’, Making Cents International Youth-Inclusive Financial Services Case Study No. 6, Washington DC,
Hirschland, M. (2010) Youth Savings Accounts: A Financial Services Perspective, USAID Office of Microenterprise Development, Washington, DC.
Kalyanwala, S. and Sebstad, J. (2006) Spending, Saving, and Borrowing: Perceptions and Experiences of Girls in Gujarat, Population Council, New Delhi.
Kashfi, F. (2009) ‘Youth Financial Services: The Case of BRAC & the Adolescent Girls of Bangladesh’, Youth-Inclusive Financial Services Linkage Program, Making Cents International, available from: http://www.makingcents.com/pdfs/resources/caseStudy10/BRAC_CaseStudyNo%205_September2009.pdf [accessed 11 October 2010]. http://www.makingcents.com/pdfs/resources/caseStudy10/BRAC_CaseStudyNo%205_September2009.pdf
Masa, R. (2009) ‘Innovations in youth saving and asset building around the world’, CSD Research Brief No. 09-52, Washington University, Center for Social Development, St Louis, MO.
Mensch, B., Grant, M., Sebastian, M., Hewett, P. and Huntington, D. (2004) ‘The effects of a livelihood intervention in an urban slum in India: Do vocational counseling and training alter the attitudes and behavior of adolescent girls’, Population Council Working Paper No. 194, Population Council, New York.
Meyer, J., Zimmerman, J. and Boshara, R. (2008) Child Savings Accounts: Global Trends in Design and Practice, New America Foundation, Washington, DC.
Schiller, J. (2009) ‘Making Financial Services and Business Skills Development Available to African Children and Youth: Accomplishments and Limitations of Research and Monitoring’, Making Cents International Youth-Inclusive Financial Services Case Study No. 12 Making Cents International, Washington DC.
Schreiner, M. and Sherraden, M. (2007) Can the Poor Save? Saving and Asset Building in Individual Development Accounts, Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, NJ.
Shanks, T.W., Kim, Y., Loke, V. and Destin, M. ‘Assets and child well-being in economically developed countries’, Children and Youth Services Review (forthcoming).
Sherraden, M. (1991) Assets and the Poor: A New American Welfare Policy, M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, NY.
Sherraden, M. (2008) ‘IDAs and asset-building policy: Lessons and directions’, CSD Working Paper 08-12, Washington University, Center for Social Development, St Louis, MO.
Ssewamala, F.M., Han, C.-K. and Neilands, T. (2009) ‘Asset ownership and health and mental health functioning among AIDS-Orphaned adolescents: Findings from a randomized clinical trial in rural Uganda’, Social Science and Medicine 69: 191-98.
Westley, G. and Palomas, X.M. (2010) ‘Is There a Business Case for Small Savers?’ Occasional Paper No. 18, CGAP, Washington DC,
WOCCU (World Council of Credit Unions) (2001) ‘A technical guide to savings mobilization: Lessons from credit union experience’, WOCCU Technical Guide No. 1, WOCCU, Madison, WI.
WOCCU (2006) ‘A technical guide to increasing citizen participation: How credit unions strengthen democracy’, WOCCU Technical Guide No. 6, WOCCU, Madison, WI.
WSBI (2007a) Savings Banks’ Socially Responsible Activities, a Wealth of Experience: Insights from WSBI Members in Africa, Asia, and the Americas, WSBI, Brussels.
WSBI (2007b) Examples of WSBI Members’ Initiatives in the Field of Financial Education, WSBI, Brussels.
Zimmerman, J. and Moury, Y. (2009) Savings-Linked Conditional Cash Transfers: A New Policy Approach to Global Poverty Reduction, New America Foundation, Washington, DC.
Ahammed, I. (2009) ‘A case study on financial services for street children: Padakhep’, paper presented at the Making Cents International Conference, Washington, DC, September 2009.
Beck, T., Demirguc-Kunt, A. and Levine, R. (2004) ‘Finance, inequality, and poverty: Cross-country evidence’, Policy Research Working Paper Series 3338, World Bank, Washington, DC.
Beverly, S., Sherraden, M. Zhan, M., Williams Shanks, T.R., Nam, Y. and Cramer, R. (2008) ‘Determinants of asset building’, Urban Institute Poor Finances Series, The Urban Institute, Washington, DC.
Boshara, R. (2005) ‘Individual development accounts: Policies to build savings and assets for the poor’, Welfare & Beyond Brief #35, The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC.
Chowa, G., Ansong, D. and Masa, R. (2010) ‘Assets and child well-being in developing countries’, Children and Youth Services Review (forthcoming).
Collins, D., Morduch, J., Rutherford, S. and Ruthven, O. (2009) Portfolios of the Poor, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
Erulkar, A. and Chong, E. (2005) ‘Evaluation of a savings and microcredit program for vulnerable young women in Nairobi’, Population Council, Nairobi.
Fild, L. (2009) ‘South Africans serious about saving for education despite hardships’ [online], available from: http://www.itinews.co.za/companyview.aspx?companyid=22707&itemid=CA953527-6A1C-48DE-9161-F96C9B67CCE8 [accessed 10 January 2010]. http://www.itinews.co.za/companyview.aspx?companyid=22707&itemid=CA953527-6A1C-48DE-9161-F96C9B67CCE8
Gepaya, L.Y. (2009) ‘Marketing and delivery is what matters, Panabo Multi- Purpose Cooperative (PMPC)’, Making Cents International Youth-Inclusive Financial Services Case Study No. 6, Washington DC,
Hirschland, M. (2010) Youth Savings Accounts: A Financial Services Perspective, USAID Office of Microenterprise Development, Washington, DC.
Kalyanwala, S. and Sebstad, J. (2006) Spending, Saving, and Borrowing: Perceptions and Experiences of Girls in Gujarat, Population Council, New Delhi.
Kashfi, F. (2009) ‘Youth Financial Services: The Case of BRAC & the Adolescent Girls of Bangladesh’, Youth-Inclusive Financial Services Linkage Program, Making Cents International, available from: http://www.makingcents.com/pdfs/resources/caseStudy10/BRAC_CaseStudyNo%205_September2009.pdf [accessed 11 October 2010]. http://www.makingcents.com/pdfs/resources/caseStudy10/BRAC_CaseStudyNo%205_September2009.pdf
Masa, R. (2009) ‘Innovations in youth saving and asset building around the world’, CSD Research Brief No. 09-52, Washington University, Center for Social Development, St Louis, MO.
Mensch, B., Grant, M., Sebastian, M., Hewett, P. and Huntington, D. (2004) ‘The effects of a livelihood intervention in an urban slum in India: Do vocational counseling and training alter the attitudes and behavior of adolescent girls’, Population Council Working Paper No. 194, Population Council, New York.
Meyer, J., Zimmerman, J. and Boshara, R. (2008) Child Savings Accounts: Global Trends in Design and Practice, New America Foundation, Washington, DC.
Schiller, J. (2009) ‘Making Financial Services and Business Skills Development Available to African Children and Youth: Accomplishments and Limitations of Research and Monitoring’, Making Cents International Youth-Inclusive Financial Services Case Study No. 12 Making Cents International, Washington DC.
Schreiner, M. and Sherraden, M. (2007) Can the Poor Save? Saving and Asset Building in Individual Development Accounts, Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, NJ.
Shanks, T.W., Kim, Y., Loke, V. and Destin, M. ‘Assets and child well-being in economically developed countries’, Children and Youth Services Review (forthcoming).
Sherraden, M. (1991) Assets and the Poor: A New American Welfare Policy, M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, NY.
Sherraden, M. (2008) ‘IDAs and asset-building policy: Lessons and directions’, CSD Working Paper 08-12, Washington University, Center for Social Development, St Louis, MO.
Ssewamala, F.M., Han, C.-K. and Neilands, T. (2009) ‘Asset ownership and health and mental health functioning among AIDS-Orphaned adolescents: Findings from a randomized clinical trial in rural Uganda’, Social Science and Medicine 69: 191-98.
Westley, G. and Palomas, X.M. (2010) ‘Is There a Business Case for Small Savers?’ Occasional Paper No. 18, CGAP, Washington DC,
WOCCU (World Council of Credit Unions) (2001) ‘A technical guide to savings mobilization: Lessons from credit union experience’, WOCCU Technical Guide No. 1, WOCCU, Madison, WI.
WOCCU (2006) ‘A technical guide to increasing citizen participation: How credit unions strengthen democracy’, WOCCU Technical Guide No. 6, WOCCU, Madison, WI.
WSBI (2007a) Savings Banks’ Socially Responsible Activities, a Wealth of Experience: Insights from WSBI Members in Africa, Asia, and the Americas, WSBI, Brussels.
WSBI (2007b) Examples of WSBI Members’ Initiatives in the Field of Financial Education, WSBI, Brussels.
Zimmerman, J. and Moury, Y. (2009) Savings-Linked Conditional Cash Transfers: A New Policy Approach to Global Poverty Reduction, New America Foundation, Washington, DC.
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