Business incubation in Brazil: Creating an environment for new ventures
Brazil leads one of the most successful incubation movements in Latin America, through innovation and adaptation of incubator models to suit indigenous needs. The government has clearly made incubators a policy priority as witnessed by the various initiatives to support incubators and incubatees. Even though business incubation has not gained widespread currency, multiple levels of government and a coalition of partners from various spheres appear to be involved in supporting incubators. Business incubation in Brazil is very much a bottom-up effort with universities playing a key role, unlike Chile where the government has played a relatively top-down role in fostering business incubation. Compared to China, the emphasis in Brazil appears to be more on the softer services such as networking relative to the provision of physical space and hard infrastructure. This article discusses the business incubation landscape in Brazil drawing comparisons with China and Chile, along with policy implications.Almeida, M. (2005) ‘The evolution of the incubator movement in Brazil’, International Journal of Technology and Globalization 1(2): 258-77.
ANPROTEC (2002) http://www.ybiz.com/GDLN/Incubators/material%20institucional-anprotec&idisc.htm http://www.ybiz.com/GDLN/Incubators/material%20institucional-anprotec&idisc.htm
ANPROTEC (2006) ‘ANPROTEC Panorama’, www.anprotec.org.br/secaopanorama.php [accessed 25 July 2007]. www.anprotec.org.br/secaopanorama.php
ANPROTEC (2007) Database, http://www.idisc.net/en/IncubatorSearchSimple.html http://www.idisc.net/en/IncubatorSearchSimple.html
Chandra, A. and Wei, H. (2008) ‘Government involvement and financial service intensity: A comparative study of three business incubators in China’, International Journal of Innovation and Learning 5(3): 266-82.
CIETEC (2003/2004) ‘CIETEC Report’, Technology-Based Business Incubator Center, São Paulo.
CIETEC (2007) ‘CIETEC Annual Report’, Technology-Based Business Incubator Center, São Paulo.
Etzkovitz, H. (2002) ‘Incubation of incubators: Innovation as a triple helix of university-industry-government networks’, Science and Public Policy 29(2): 115-28.
Etzkowitz, H., Mello, J., and Almeida, M. (2005) ‘Towards “meta-innovation” in Brazil: The evolution of the incubator and emergence of the triple helix’, Research Policy 34: 411-24.
GEM (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) (2003) ‘Entrepreneurship in Brazil: 2003. National Report’, abridged version in English, www.gemconsortium.org/download.asp?fid=416 [accessed 15 August 2007]. www.gemconsortium.org/download.asp?fid=416
Hoeser, U. (2003) ‘Business Incubation in Argentina (2003)’, paper presented at the ICSB Conference 2003, Belfast.
Kantis, H. (2005) ‘Initiatives for Fostering Entrepreneurial Development’, in IADB, Developing Entrepreneurship: Experience in Latin America and Worldwide, Inter-American Development Bank, Fundes Internacional, Washington DC, pp111-18.
Lalkaka, R. (2003) ‘Business incubators in developing countries: Characteristics and performance’, International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management 3(1/2): 31-55.
Lalkaka, R. and Shaffer, D. (1999) ‘Nurturing entrepreneurs, creating enterprises: Technology business incubation in Brazil’ paper presented at International Conference on Effective Business Development Services, 2-3 March, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
National Dialogue on Entrepreneurship (2005) ‘Government and Education Efforts to Further Entrepreneurship in Brazil’, www.publicforuminstitute.org/nde/sources/reports/Brazil-2005.pdf [accessed 25 July 2007]. www.publicforuminstitute.org/nde/sources/reports/Brazil-2005.pdf
Scaramuzzi, E. (2002) ‘Incubators in developing countries’, infoDev Program, Washington DC: World Bank.
SEBRAE (2007) SEBRAE website, www.sebrae.com.br/br/osebrae/sebraeinenglish.asp [accessed 20 July 2007]. www.sebrae.com.br/br/osebrae/sebraeinenglish.asp
The Economist (2007) ‘A special report on Brazil, The Economist, 14-20 April, p. 6.
Zavatta, Roberto (2008) ‘Brazil Country Study: An infoDev Study on the funding challenges and opportunities facing Technology SMEs in developing countries’, infoDev, World Bank.
Almeida, M. (2005) ‘The evolution of the incubator movement in Brazil’, International Journal of Technology and Globalization 1(2): 258-77.
ANPROTEC (2002) http://www.ybiz.com/GDLN/Incubators/material%20institucional-anprotec&idisc.htm http://www.ybiz.com/GDLN/Incubators/material%20institucional-anprotec&idisc.htm
ANPROTEC (2006) ‘ANPROTEC Panorama’, www.anprotec.org.br/secaopanorama.php [accessed 25 July 2007]. www.anprotec.org.br/secaopanorama.php
ANPROTEC (2007) Database, http://www.idisc.net/en/IncubatorSearchSimple.html http://www.idisc.net/en/IncubatorSearchSimple.html
Chandra, A. and Wei, H. (2008) ‘Government involvement and financial service intensity: A comparative study of three business incubators in China’, International Journal of Innovation and Learning 5(3): 266-82.
CIETEC (2003/2004) ‘CIETEC Report’, Technology-Based Business Incubator Center, São Paulo.
CIETEC (2007) ‘CIETEC Annual Report’, Technology-Based Business Incubator Center, São Paulo.
Etzkovitz, H. (2002) ‘Incubation of incubators: Innovation as a triple helix of university-industry-government networks’, Science and Public Policy 29(2): 115-28.
Etzkowitz, H., Mello, J., and Almeida, M. (2005) ‘Towards “meta-innovation” in Brazil: The evolution of the incubator and emergence of the triple helix’, Research Policy 34: 411-24.
GEM (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) (2003) ‘Entrepreneurship in Brazil: 2003. National Report’, abridged version in English, www.gemconsortium.org/download.asp?fid=416 [accessed 15 August 2007]. www.gemconsortium.org/download.asp?fid=416
Hoeser, U. (2003) ‘Business Incubation in Argentina (2003)’, paper presented at the ICSB Conference 2003, Belfast.
Kantis, H. (2005) ‘Initiatives for Fostering Entrepreneurial Development’, in IADB, Developing Entrepreneurship: Experience in Latin America and Worldwide, Inter-American Development Bank, Fundes Internacional, Washington DC, pp111-18.
Lalkaka, R. (2003) ‘Business incubators in developing countries: Characteristics and performance’, International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management 3(1/2): 31-55.
Lalkaka, R. and Shaffer, D. (1999) ‘Nurturing entrepreneurs, creating enterprises: Technology business incubation in Brazil’ paper presented at International Conference on Effective Business Development Services, 2-3 March, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
National Dialogue on Entrepreneurship (2005) ‘Government and Education Efforts to Further Entrepreneurship in Brazil’, www.publicforuminstitute.org/nde/sources/reports/Brazil-2005.pdf [accessed 25 July 2007]. www.publicforuminstitute.org/nde/sources/reports/Brazil-2005.pdf
Scaramuzzi, E. (2002) ‘Incubators in developing countries’, infoDev Program, Washington DC: World Bank.
SEBRAE (2007) SEBRAE website, www.sebrae.com.br/br/osebrae/sebraeinenglish.asp [accessed 20 July 2007]. www.sebrae.com.br/br/osebrae/sebraeinenglish.asp
The Economist (2007) ‘A special report on Brazil, The Economist, 14-20 April, p. 6.
Zavatta, Roberto (2008) ‘Brazil Country Study: An infoDev Study on the funding challenges and opportunities facing Technology SMEs in developing countries’, infoDev, World Bank.
Almeida, M. (2005) ‘The evolution of the incubator movement in Brazil’, International Journal of Technology and Globalization 1(2): 258-77.
ANPROTEC (2002) http://www.ybiz.com/GDLN/Incubators/material%20institucional-anprotec&idisc.htm http://www.ybiz.com/GDLN/Incubators/material%20institucional-anprotec&idisc.htm
ANPROTEC (2006) ‘ANPROTEC Panorama’, www.anprotec.org.br/secaopanorama.php [accessed 25 July 2007]. www.anprotec.org.br/secaopanorama.php
ANPROTEC (2007) Database, http://www.idisc.net/en/IncubatorSearchSimple.html http://www.idisc.net/en/IncubatorSearchSimple.html
Chandra, A. and Wei, H. (2008) ‘Government involvement and financial service intensity: A comparative study of three business incubators in China’, International Journal of Innovation and Learning 5(3): 266-82.
CIETEC (2003/2004) ‘CIETEC Report’, Technology-Based Business Incubator Center, São Paulo.
CIETEC (2007) ‘CIETEC Annual Report’, Technology-Based Business Incubator Center, São Paulo.
Etzkovitz, H. (2002) ‘Incubation of incubators: Innovation as a triple helix of university-industry-government networks’, Science and Public Policy 29(2): 115-28.
Etzkowitz, H., Mello, J., and Almeida, M. (2005) ‘Towards “meta-innovation” in Brazil: The evolution of the incubator and emergence of the triple helix’, Research Policy 34: 411-24.
GEM (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) (2003) ‘Entrepreneurship in Brazil: 2003. National Report’, abridged version in English, www.gemconsortium.org/download.asp?fid=416 [accessed 15 August 2007]. www.gemconsortium.org/download.asp?fid=416
Hoeser, U. (2003) ‘Business Incubation in Argentina (2003)’, paper presented at the ICSB Conference 2003, Belfast.
Kantis, H. (2005) ‘Initiatives for Fostering Entrepreneurial Development’, in IADB, Developing Entrepreneurship: Experience in Latin America and Worldwide, Inter-American Development Bank, Fundes Internacional, Washington DC, pp111-18.
Lalkaka, R. (2003) ‘Business incubators in developing countries: Characteristics and performance’, International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management 3(1/2): 31-55.
Lalkaka, R. and Shaffer, D. (1999) ‘Nurturing entrepreneurs, creating enterprises: Technology business incubation in Brazil’ paper presented at International Conference on Effective Business Development Services, 2-3 March, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
National Dialogue on Entrepreneurship (2005) ‘Government and Education Efforts to Further Entrepreneurship in Brazil’, www.publicforuminstitute.org/nde/sources/reports/Brazil-2005.pdf [accessed 25 July 2007]. www.publicforuminstitute.org/nde/sources/reports/Brazil-2005.pdf
Scaramuzzi, E. (2002) ‘Incubators in developing countries’, infoDev Program, Washington DC: World Bank.
SEBRAE (2007) SEBRAE website, www.sebrae.com.br/br/osebrae/sebraeinenglish.asp [accessed 20 July 2007]. www.sebrae.com.br/br/osebrae/sebraeinenglish.asp
The Economist (2007) ‘A special report on Brazil, The Economist, 14-20 April, p. 6.
Zavatta, Roberto (2008) ‘Brazil Country Study: An infoDev Study on the funding challenges and opportunities facing Technology SMEs in developing countries’, infoDev, World Bank.
Almeida, M. (2005) ‘The evolution of the incubator movement in Brazil’, International Journal of Technology and Globalization 1(2): 258-77.
ANPROTEC (2002) http://www.ybiz.com/GDLN/Incubators/material%20institucional-anprotec&idisc.htm http://www.ybiz.com/GDLN/Incubators/material%20institucional-anprotec&idisc.htm
ANPROTEC (2006) ‘ANPROTEC Panorama’, www.anprotec.org.br/secaopanorama.php [accessed 25 July 2007]. www.anprotec.org.br/secaopanorama.php
ANPROTEC (2007) Database, http://www.idisc.net/en/IncubatorSearchSimple.html http://www.idisc.net/en/IncubatorSearchSimple.html
Chandra, A. and Wei, H. (2008) ‘Government involvement and financial service intensity: A comparative study of three business incubators in China’, International Journal of Innovation and Learning 5(3): 266-82.
CIETEC (2003/2004) ‘CIETEC Report’, Technology-Based Business Incubator Center, São Paulo.
CIETEC (2007) ‘CIETEC Annual Report’, Technology-Based Business Incubator Center, São Paulo.
Etzkovitz, H. (2002) ‘Incubation of incubators: Innovation as a triple helix of university-industry-government networks’, Science and Public Policy 29(2): 115-28.
Etzkowitz, H., Mello, J., and Almeida, M. (2005) ‘Towards “meta-innovation” in Brazil: The evolution of the incubator and emergence of the triple helix’, Research Policy 34: 411-24.
GEM (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) (2003) ‘Entrepreneurship in Brazil: 2003. National Report’, abridged version in English, www.gemconsortium.org/download.asp?fid=416 [accessed 15 August 2007]. www.gemconsortium.org/download.asp?fid=416
Hoeser, U. (2003) ‘Business Incubation in Argentina (2003)’, paper presented at the ICSB Conference 2003, Belfast.
Kantis, H. (2005) ‘Initiatives for Fostering Entrepreneurial Development’, in IADB, Developing Entrepreneurship: Experience in Latin America and Worldwide, Inter-American Development Bank, Fundes Internacional, Washington DC, pp111-18.
Lalkaka, R. (2003) ‘Business incubators in developing countries: Characteristics and performance’, International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management 3(1/2): 31-55.
Lalkaka, R. and Shaffer, D. (1999) ‘Nurturing entrepreneurs, creating enterprises: Technology business incubation in Brazil’ paper presented at International Conference on Effective Business Development Services, 2-3 March, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
National Dialogue on Entrepreneurship (2005) ‘Government and Education Efforts to Further Entrepreneurship in Brazil’, www.publicforuminstitute.org/nde/sources/reports/Brazil-2005.pdf [accessed 25 July 2007]. www.publicforuminstitute.org/nde/sources/reports/Brazil-2005.pdf
Scaramuzzi, E. (2002) ‘Incubators in developing countries’, infoDev Program, Washington DC: World Bank.
SEBRAE (2007) SEBRAE website, www.sebrae.com.br/br/osebrae/sebraeinenglish.asp [accessed 20 July 2007]. www.sebrae.com.br/br/osebrae/sebraeinenglish.asp
The Economist (2007) ‘A special report on Brazil, The Economist, 14-20 April, p. 6.
Zavatta, Roberto (2008) ‘Brazil Country Study: An infoDev Study on the funding challenges and opportunities facing Technology SMEs in developing countries’, infoDev, World Bank.
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